ranges¶

Models for describing different kinds of ranges of values in different kinds of spaces (e.g., continuous or categorical) and with options for “auto sizing”.

DataRange¶

class DataRange(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.models.ranges.Range

A base class for all data range types.

Note

This is an abstract base class used to help organize the hierarchy of Bokeh model types. It is not useful to instantiate on its own.

JSON Prototype

{
  "id": "2145",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "name": null,
  "names": [],
  "renderers": [],
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

`names`	A list of names to query for.
`renderers`	An explicit list of renderers to autorange against.

Inherited from : py: class:Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from : py: class:Model

`__init_subclass__`()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from : py: class:PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

names = []¶

Type: List

A list of names to query for. If set, only renderers that have a matching value for their name attribute will be used for autoranging.

renderers = []¶

Type: Either(List, Auto)

An explicit list of renderers to autorange against. If unset, defaults to all renderers on a plot.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: bokeh.model.model.Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → Optional[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]]¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: Union[str, Type[bokeh.events.Event]], *callbacks: Union[Callable[[bokeh.events.Event], None], Callable[[], None]]) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Optional[Dict[str, Any]]¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

DataRange1d¶

class DataRange1d(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.models.ranges.DataRange

An auto-fitting range in a continuous scalar dimension.

By default the start and end of the range automatically assume min and max values of the data for associated renderers.

JSON Prototype

{
  "bounds": null,
  "default_span": 2.0,
  "end": null,
  "flipped": false,
  "follow": null,
  "follow_interval": null,
  "id": "2151",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "max_interval": null,
  "min_interval": null,
  "name": null,
  "names": [],
  "only_visible": false,
  "range_padding": 0.1,
  "range_padding_units": "percent",
  "renderers": [],
  "start": null,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

`range_padding`	How much padding to add around the computed data bounds.
`range_padding_units`	Whether the `range_padding` should be interpreted as a percentage, or as an absolute quantity.
`start`	An explicitly supplied range start.
`end`	An explicitly supplied range end.
`bounds`	The bounds that the range is allowed to go to.
`min_interval`	The level that the range is allowed to zoom in, expressed as the minimum visible interval.
`max_interval`	The level that the range is allowed to zoom out, expressed as the maximum visible interval.
`flipped`	Whether the range should be "flipped" from its normal direction when auto-ranging.
`follow`	Configure the data to follow one or the other data extreme, with a maximum range size of `follow_interval`.
`follow_interval`	If `follow` is set to `"start"` or `"end"` then the range will always be constrained to that.
`default_span`	A default width for the interval, in case `start` is equal to `end` (if used with a log axis, default_span is in powers of 10).
`only_visible`	If True, renderers that that are not visible will be excluded from automatic bounds computations.

Inherited from : py: class:DataRange

`names`	A list of names to query for.
`renderers`	An explicit list of renderers to autorange against.

Inherited from : py: class:Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

__init__(*args, **kwargs)

Inherited from : py: class:Model

`__init_subclass__`()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:HasProps

`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

__init__(*args, **kwargs)

Inherited from : py: class:PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

bounds = None¶

Type: Nullable(MinMaxBounds)

The bounds that the range is allowed to go to. Typically used to prevent the user from panning/zooming/etc away from the data.

By default, the bounds will be None, allowing your plot to pan/zoom as far as you want. If bounds are ‘auto’ they will be computed to be the same as the start and end of the DataRange1d.

Bounds are provided as a tuple of (min, max) so regardless of whether your range is increasing or decreasing, the first item should be the minimum value of the range and the second item should be the maximum. Setting min > max will result in a ValueError.

If you only want to constrain one end of the plot, you can set min or max to None e.g. DataRange1d(bounds=(None, 12))

default_span = 2.0¶

Type: Either(Float, TimeDelta)

A default width for the interval, in case start is equal to end (if used with a log axis, default_span is in powers of 10).

end = None¶

Type: Either(Null, Float, Datetime, TimeDelta)

An explicitly supplied range end. If provided, will override automatically computed end value.

flipped = False¶

Type: Bool

Whether the range should be “flipped” from its normal direction when auto-ranging.

follow = None¶

Type: Nullable(Enum(StartEnd))

Configure the data to follow one or the other data extreme, with a maximum range size of follow_interval.

If set to "start" then the range will adjust so that start always corresponds to the minimum data value (or maximum, if flipped is True).

If set to "end" then the range will adjust so that end always corresponds to the maximum data value (or minimum, if flipped is True).

If set to None (default), then auto-ranging does not follow, and the range will encompass both the minimum and maximum data values.

follow cannot be used with bounds, and if set, bounds will be set to None.

follow_interval = None¶

Type: Nullable(Either(Float, TimeDelta))

If follow is set to "start" or "end" then the range will always be constrained to that:

abs(r.start - r.end) <= follow_interval

is maintained.

max_interval = None¶

Type: Either(Null, Float, TimeDelta)

The level that the range is allowed to zoom out, expressed as the maximum visible interval. Note that bounds can impose an implicit constraint on the maximum interval as well.

min_interval = None¶

Type: Either(Null, Float, TimeDelta)

The level that the range is allowed to zoom in, expressed as the minimum visible interval. If set to None (default), the minimum interval is not bound.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

names = []¶

Type: List

A list of names to query for. If set, only renderers that have a matching value for their name attribute will be used for autoranging.

only_visible = False¶

Type: Bool

If True, renderers that that are not visible will be excluded from automatic bounds computations.

range_padding = 0.1¶

Type: Either(Float, TimeDelta)

How much padding to add around the computed data bounds.

When range_padding_units is set to "percent", the span of the range span is expanded to make the range range_padding percent larger.

When range_padding_units is set to "absolute", the start and end of the range span are extended by the amount range_padding.

range_padding_units = 'percent'¶

Type: Enum(PaddingUnits)

Whether the range_padding should be interpreted as a percentage, or as an absolute quantity. (default: "percent")

renderers = []¶

Type: Either(List, Auto)

An explicit list of renderers to autorange against. If unset, defaults to all renderers on a plot.

start = None¶

Type: Either(Null, Float, Datetime, TimeDelta)

An explicitly supplied range start. If provided, will override automatically computed start value.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: bokeh.model.model.Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → Optional[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]]¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: Union[str, Type[bokeh.events.Event]], *callbacks: Union[Callable[[bokeh.events.Event], None], Callable[[], None]]) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Optional[Dict[str, Any]]¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

FactorRange¶

class FactorRange(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.models.ranges.Range

A Range of values for a categorical dimension.

In addition to supplying factors as a keyword argument to the FactorRange initializer, you may also instantiate with a sequence of positional arguments:

FactorRange("foo", "bar") # equivalent to FactorRange(factors=["foo", "bar"])

Users will normally supply categorical values directly:

p.circle(x=["foo", "bar"], ...)

BokehJS will create a mapping from "foo" and "bar" to a numerical coordinate system called synthetic coordinates. In the simplest cases, factors are separated by a distance of 1.0 in synthetic coordinates, however the exact mapping from factors to synthetic coordinates is affected by he padding properties as well as whether the number of levels the factors have.

Users typically do not need to worry about the details of this mapping, however it can be useful to fine tune positions by adding offsets. When supplying factors as coordinates or values, it is possible to add an offset in the synthetic coordinate space by adding a final number value to a factor tuple. For example:

p.circle(x=[("foo", 0.3), ...], ...)

will position the first circle at an x position that is offset by adding 0.3 to the synthetic coordinate for "foo".

JSON Prototype

{
  "bounds": null,
  "end": 0.0,
  "factor_padding": 0.0,
  "factors": [],
  "group_padding": 1.4,
  "id": "2169",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "max_interval": null,
  "min_interval": null,
  "name": null,
  "range_padding": 0,
  "range_padding_units": "percent",
  "start": 0.0,
  "subgroup_padding": 0.8,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

`factors`	A sequence of factors to define this categorical range.
`factor_padding`	How much padding to add in between all lowest-level factors.
`subgroup_padding`	How much padding to add in between mid-level groups of factors.
`group_padding`	How much padding to add in between top-level groups of factors.
`range_padding`	How much padding to add around the outside of computed range bounds.
`range_padding_units`	Whether the `range_padding` should be interpreted as a percentage, or as an absolute quantity.
`start`	The start of the range, in synthetic coordinates.
`end`	The end of the range, in synthetic coordinates.
`bounds`	The bounds (in synthetic coordinates) that the range is allowed to go to.
`min_interval`	The level that the range is allowed to zoom in, expressed as the minimum visible interval in synthetic coordinates.
`max_interval`	The level that the range is allowed to zoom out, expressed as the maximum visible interval in synthetic coordinates.

Inherited from : py: class:Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

__init__(*args, **kwargs)

Inherited from : py: class:Model

`__init_subclass__`()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:HasProps

`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

__init__(*args, **kwargs)

Inherited from : py: class:PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

bounds = None¶

Type: Nullable(MinMaxBounds)

The bounds (in synthetic coordinates) that the range is allowed to go to. Typically used to prevent the user from panning/zooming/etc away from the data.

Note

Synthetic coordinates are only computed in the browser, based on the factors and various padding properties. Some experimentation may be required to arrive at bounds suitable for specific situations.

By default, the bounds will be None, allowing your plot to pan/zoom as far as you want. If bounds are ‘auto’ they will be computed to be the same as the start and end of the FactorRange.

end = 0.0¶

Type: Readonly

The end of the range, in synthetic coordinates.

Note

Synthetic coordinates are only computed in the browser, based on the factors and various padding properties. The value of end will only be available in situations where bidirectional communication is available (e.g. server, notebook).

factor_padding = 0.0¶

Type: Float

How much padding to add in between all lowest-level factors. When factor_padding is non-zero, every factor in every group will have the padding value applied.

factors = []¶

Type: FactorSeq

A sequence of factors to define this categorical range.

Factors may have 1, 2, or 3 levels. For 1-level factors, each factor is simply a string. For example:

FactorRange(factors=["sales", "marketing", "engineering"])

defines a range with three simple factors that might represent different units of a business.

For 2- and 3- level factors, each factor is a tuple of strings:

FactorRange(factors=[
    ["2016", "sales'], ["2016", "marketing'], ["2016", "engineering"],
    ["2017", "sales'], ["2017", "marketing'], ["2017", "engineering"],
])

defines a range with six 2-level factors that might represent the three business units, grouped by year.

Note that factors and sub-factors may only be strings.

group_padding = 1.4¶

Type: Float

How much padding to add in between top-level groups of factors. This property only applies when the overall range factors have either two or three levels. For example, with:

FactorRange(factors=[["foo", "1'], ["foo", "2'], ["bar", "1"]])

The top level groups correspond to "foo"` and ``"bar", and the group padding will be applied between the factors ["foo", "2'] and ["bar", "1"]

max_interval = None¶

Type: Nullable(Float)

The level that the range is allowed to zoom out, expressed as the maximum visible interval in synthetic coordinates.. Note that bounds can impose an implicit constraint on the maximum interval as well.

The default “width” of a category is 1.0 in synthetic coordinates. However, the distance between factors is affected by the various padding properties and whether or not factors are grouped.

min_interval = None¶

Type: Nullable(Float)

The level that the range is allowed to zoom in, expressed as the minimum visible interval in synthetic coordinates. If set to None (default), the minimum interval is not bounded.

The default “width” of a category is 1.0 in synthetic coordinates. However, the distance between factors is affected by the various padding properties and whether or not factors are grouped.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

range_padding = 0¶

Type: Float

How much padding to add around the outside of computed range bounds.

When range_padding_units is set to "percent", the span of the range span is expanded to make the range range_padding percent larger.

When range_padding_units is set to "absolute", the start and end of the range span are extended by the amount range_padding.

range_padding_units = 'percent'¶

Type: Enum(PaddingUnits)

Whether the range_padding should be interpreted as a percentage, or as an absolute quantity. (default: "percent")

start = 0.0¶

Type: Readonly

The start of the range, in synthetic coordinates.

Synthetic coordinates are only computed in the browser, based on the factors and various padding properties. The value of start will only be available in situations where bidirectional communication is available (e.g. server, notebook).

subgroup_padding = 0.8¶

Type: Float

How much padding to add in between mid-level groups of factors. This property only applies when the overall factors have three levels. For example with:

FactorRange(factors=[
    ['foo', 'A', '1'],  ['foo', 'A', '2'], ['foo', 'A', '3'],
    ['foo', 'B', '2'],
    ['bar', 'A', '1'],  ['bar', 'A', '2']
])

This property dictates how much padding to add between the three factors in the [‘foo’, ‘A’] group, and between the two factors in the the [bar]

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: bokeh.model.model.Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → Optional[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]]¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: Union[str, Type[bokeh.events.Event]], *callbacks: Union[Callable[[bokeh.events.Event], None], Callable[[], None]]) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Optional[Dict[str, Any]]¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

Range¶

class Range(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.model.model.Model

A base class for all range types.

Note

This is an abstract base class used to help organize the hierarchy of Bokeh model types. It is not useful to instantiate on its own.

JSON Prototype

{
  "id": "2184",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "name": null,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

Inherited from : py: class:Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from : py: class:Model

`__init_subclass__`()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from : py: class:PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: bokeh.model.model.Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → Optional[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]]¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: Union[str, Type[bokeh.events.Event]], *callbacks: Union[Callable[[bokeh.events.Event], None], Callable[[], None]]) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Optional[Dict[str, Any]]¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

Range1d¶

class Range1d(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.models.ranges.Range

A fixed, closed range [start, end] in a continuous scalar dimension.

In addition to supplying start and end keyword arguments to the Range1d initializer, you can also instantiate with the convenience syntax:

Range(0, 10) # equivalent to Range(start=0, end=10)

JSON Prototype

{
  "bounds": null,
  "end": 1,
  "id": "2188",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "max_interval": null,
  "min_interval": null,
  "name": null,
  "reset_end": null,
  "reset_start": null,
  "start": 0,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

`start`	The start of the range.
`end`	The end of the range.
`reset_start`	The start of the range to apply after reset.
`reset_end`	The end of the range to apply when resetting.
`bounds`	The bounds that the range is allowed to go to.
`min_interval`	The level that the range is allowed to zoom in, expressed as the minimum visible interval.
`max_interval`	The level that the range is allowed to zoom out, expressed as the maximum visible interval.

Inherited from : py: class:Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

__init__(*args, **kwargs)

Inherited from : py: class:Model

`__init_subclass__`()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:HasProps

`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

__init__(*args, **kwargs)

Inherited from : py: class:PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

bounds = None¶

Type: Nullable(MinMaxBounds)

The bounds that the range is allowed to go to. Typically used to prevent the user from panning/zooming/etc away from the data.

If set to 'auto', the bounds will be computed to the start and end of the Range.

By default, bounds are None and your plot to pan/zoom as far as you want. If you only want to constrain one end of the plot, you can set min or max to None.

Examples:

Range1d(0, 1, bounds='auto')  # Auto-bounded to 0 and 1 (Default behavior)
Range1d(start=0, end=1, bounds=(0, None))  # Maximum is unbounded, minimum bounded to 0

end = 1¶

Type: Either(Float, Datetime, TimeDelta)

The end of the range.

max_interval = None¶

Type: Either(Null, Float, TimeDelta)

The level that the range is allowed to zoom out, expressed as the maximum visible interval. Can be a TimeDelta. Note that bounds can impose an implicit constraint on the maximum interval as well.

min_interval = None¶

Type: Either(Null, Float, TimeDelta)

The level that the range is allowed to zoom in, expressed as the minimum visible interval. If set to None (default), the minimum interval is not bound. Can be a TimeDelta.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

reset_end = None¶

Type: Either(Null, Float, Datetime, TimeDelta)

The end of the range to apply when resetting. If set to None defaults to the end value during initialization.

reset_start = None¶

Type: Either(Null, Float, Datetime, TimeDelta)

The start of the range to apply after reset. If set to None defaults to the start value during initialization.

start = 0¶

Type: Either(Float, Datetime, TimeDelta)

The start of the range.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: bokeh.model.model.Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: Optional[Union[int, str]] = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → Optional[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]]¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: Union[str, Type[bokeh.events.Event]], *callbacks: Union[Callable[[bokeh.events.Event], None], Callable[[], None]]) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Optional[Dict[str, Any]]¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

plots

renderers