axes

Guide renderers for various kinds of axes that can be added to Bokeh plots

class Axis(*args: Any, id: ID | None = None, **kwargs: Any)

Bases: GuideRenderer

A base class that defines common properties for all axis types.

Note

This is an abstract base class used to help organize the hierarchy of Bokeh model types. It is not useful to instantiate on its own.

JSON Prototype

{
  "axis_label": null, 
  "axis_label_standoff": 5, 
  "axis_label_text_align": "left", 
  "axis_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_label_text_baseline": "bottom", 
  "axis_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "axis_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "axis_label_text_font_size": "13px", 
  "axis_label_text_font_style": "italic", 
  "axis_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "axis_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "axis_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_line_cap": "butt", 
  "axis_line_color": "black", 
  "axis_line_dash": [], 
  "axis_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "axis_line_join": "bevel", 
  "axis_line_width": 1, 
  "bounds": "auto", 
  "coordinates": null, 
  "fixed_location": null, 
  "formatter": {
    "name": "unset", 
    "type": "symbol"
  }, 
  "group": null, 
  "id": "p110729", 
  "js_event_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "js_property_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "level": "guide", 
  "major_label_orientation": "horizontal", 
  "major_label_overrides": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "major_label_policy": {
    "id": "p110730", 
    "name": "AllLabels", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "major_label_standoff": 5, 
  "major_label_text_align": "center", 
  "major_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_label_text_baseline": "alphabetic", 
  "major_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "major_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "major_label_text_font_size": "11px", 
  "major_label_text_font_style": "normal", 
  "major_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "major_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "major_tick_in": 2, 
  "major_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "major_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "major_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "major_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "major_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "major_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "major_tick_out": 6, 
  "minor_tick_in": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "minor_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "minor_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "minor_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "minor_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "minor_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "minor_tick_out": 4, 
  "name": null, 
  "propagate_hover": false, 
  "subscribed_events": {
    "type": "set"
  }, 
  "syncable": true, 
  "tags": [], 
  "ticker": {
    "name": "unset", 
    "type": "symbol"
  }, 
  "visible": true, 
  "x_range_name": "default", 
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

bounds	Bounds for the rendered axis.
ticker	A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.
formatter	A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.
axis_label	A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.
axis_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.
axis_label_text_color	The text color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font	The text font of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the axis label.
axis_label_text_align	The text align of the axis label.
axis_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the axis label.
axis_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the axis label.
major_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.
major_label_orientation	What direction the major label text should be oriented.
major_label_overrides	Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.
major_label_policy	Allows to filter out labels, e.g.
major_label_text_color	The text color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font	The text font of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_align	The text align of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the major tick labels.
axis_line_color	The line color of the axis line.
axis_line_alpha	The line alpha of the axis line.
axis_line_width	The line width of the axis line.
axis_line_join	The line join of the axis line.
axis_line_cap	The line cap of the axis line.
axis_line_dash	The line dash of the axis line.
axis_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the axis line.
major_tick_line_color	The line color of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_width	The line width of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_join	The line join of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the major ticks.
major_tick_in	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.
major_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
minor_tick_line_color	The line color of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_width	The line width of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_join	The line join of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_in	The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.
minor_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
fixed_location	Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis.

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

level	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
visible	Is the renderer visible.
coordinates
x_range_name	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
y_range_name	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
group
propagate_hover	Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Inherited from : py: class:Model

id
ref
name	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
tags	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
js_event_callbacks	A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.
js_property_callbacks	A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
subscribed_events	Collection of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
syncable	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:GuideRenderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Model

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__new__(cls, *args[, id])
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
destroy()	Clean up references to the document and property
parameters()	Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.
js_on_event(event, *callbacks)
js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
js_on_change(event, *callbacks)	Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
references()	Returns all Models that this object has references to.
select(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
select_one(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
set_select(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:HasProps

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__setattr__(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__getattr__(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
equals(other)	Structural equality of models.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
set_from_json(name, value, *[, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
update(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
lookup(name, *[, raises])	Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
properties(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
descriptors()	List of property descriptors in the order of definition.
properties_with_refs()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
dataspecs()	Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.
properties_with_values(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.
themed_values()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
apply_theme(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
unapply_theme()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.
clone()	Duplicate a HasProps object.

Inherited from : py: class:Serializable

to_serializable(serializer)

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:PropertyCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:EventCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_event(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

---

axis_label = None

Type:

Nullable(TextLike)

A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.

axis_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.

axis_label_text_align = 'left'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the axis label.

axis_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the axis label.

axis_label_text_baseline = 'bottom'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the axis label.

axis_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_size = '13px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_style = 'italic'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the axis label.

axis_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the axis label.

axis_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the axis label.

axis_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the axis line.

axis_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the axis line.

axis_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the axis line.

axis_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the axis line.

axis_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the axis line.

axis_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the axis line.

axis_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the axis line.

bounds = 'auto'

Type:

Either(Auto, Tuple(Float, Float), Tuple(Datetime, Datetime))

Bounds for the rendered axis. If unset, the axis will span the entire plot in the given dimension.

fixed_location = None

Type:

Either(Null, Float, Factor)

Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis. The direction of ticks and major labels is determined by the side panel that the axis belongs to.

Note

Axes labels are suppressed when axes are positioned at fixed locations inside the central plot area.

formatter = Undefined

Type:

Instance(TickFormatter)

A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.

level = 'guide'

Type:

Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

major_label_orientation = 'horizontal'

Type:

Either(Enum(Enumeration(horizontal, vertical)), Float)

What direction the major label text should be oriented. If a number is supplied, the angle of the text is measured from horizontal.

major_label_overrides = {}

Type:

Dict(Either(Float, String), TextLike)

Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.

major_label_policy = AllLabels(id='p110782', ...)

Type:

Instance(LabelingPolicy)

Allows to filter out labels, e.g. declutter labels to avoid overlap.

major_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.

major_label_text_align = 'center'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_baseline = 'alphabetic'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_size = '11px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_style = 'normal'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the major tick labels.

major_tick_in = 2

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.

major_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the major ticks.

major_tick_out = 6

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

minor_tick_in = 0

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.

minor_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_out = 4

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

name = None

Type:

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

propagate_hover = False

Type:

Bool

Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Note

This property is experimental and may change at any point.

syncable = True

Type:

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []

Type:

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

ticker = Undefined

Type:

Instance(Ticker)

A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.

The property may also be passed a sequence of floating point numbers as a shorthand for creating and configuring a FixedTicker, e.g. the following code

from bokeh.plotting import figure

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = [10, 20, 37.4]

is equivalent to:

from bokeh.plotting import figure
from bokeh.models import FixedTicker

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = FixedTicker(ticks=[10, 20, 37.4])

visible = True

Type:

Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: dict[str, Any]) → None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters:

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns:

None

clone() → HasProps

Duplicate a HasProps object.

This creates a shallow clone of the original model, i.e. any mutable containers or child models will not be duplicated.

classmethod dataspecs() → dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of DataSpec properties

Return type:

set[str]

classmethod descriptors() → list[PropertyDescriptor[Any]]

List of property descriptors in the order of definition.

destroy() → None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: HasProps) → bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters:

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns:

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

• other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

• other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

• attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises:

ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters:

• name (str) – name of the property to search for

• raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns:

descriptor for property named name

Return type:

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

• *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns:

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod parameters() → list[Parameter]

Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.

Returns:

list(Parameter)

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → set[str] | dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns:

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of properties that have references

Return type:

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters:

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns:

mapping from property names to their values

Return type:

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters:

• query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

• include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns:

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type:

dict

references() → set[Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters:

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns:

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns:

Model

set_from_json(name: str, value: Any, *, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters:

• name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

• json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

• models (dict or None, optional) –

  Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

  This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

• setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

  This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

  In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns:

None

set_select(selector: type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: dict[str, Any]) → None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters:

• selector (JSON-like) –

• updates (dict) –

Returns:

None

themed_values() → dict[str, Any] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns:

dict or None

to_serializable(serializer: Serializer) → ObjectRefRep

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

trigger(attr: str, old: Any, new: Any, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

unapply_theme() → None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns:

None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns:

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

class CategoricalAxis(*args: Any, id: ID | None = None, **kwargs: Any)

Bases: Axis

An axis that displays ticks and labels for categorical ranges.

The CategoricalAxis can handle factor ranges with up to two levels of nesting, including drawing a separator line between top-level groups of factors.

JSON Prototype

{
  "axis_label": null, 
  "axis_label_standoff": 5, 
  "axis_label_text_align": "left", 
  "axis_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_label_text_baseline": "bottom", 
  "axis_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "axis_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "axis_label_text_font_size": "13px", 
  "axis_label_text_font_style": "italic", 
  "axis_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "axis_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "axis_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_line_cap": "butt", 
  "axis_line_color": "black", 
  "axis_line_dash": [], 
  "axis_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "axis_line_join": "bevel", 
  "axis_line_width": 1, 
  "bounds": "auto", 
  "coordinates": null, 
  "fixed_location": null, 
  "formatter": {
    "id": "p110857", 
    "name": "CategoricalTickFormatter", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "group": null, 
  "group_label_orientation": "parallel", 
  "group_text_align": "left", 
  "group_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "group_text_baseline": "bottom", 
  "group_text_color": "grey", 
  "group_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "group_text_font_size": "11px", 
  "group_text_font_style": "bold", 
  "group_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "group_text_outline_color": null, 
  "id": "p110855", 
  "js_event_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "js_property_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "level": "guide", 
  "major_label_orientation": "horizontal", 
  "major_label_overrides": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "major_label_policy": {
    "id": "p110858", 
    "name": "AllLabels", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "major_label_standoff": 5, 
  "major_label_text_align": "center", 
  "major_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_label_text_baseline": "alphabetic", 
  "major_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "major_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "major_label_text_font_size": "11px", 
  "major_label_text_font_style": "normal", 
  "major_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "major_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "major_tick_in": 2, 
  "major_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "major_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "major_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "major_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "major_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "major_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "major_tick_out": 6, 
  "minor_tick_in": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "minor_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "minor_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "minor_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "minor_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "minor_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "minor_tick_out": 4, 
  "name": null, 
  "propagate_hover": false, 
  "separator_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "separator_line_cap": "butt", 
  "separator_line_color": "lightgrey", 
  "separator_line_dash": [], 
  "separator_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "separator_line_join": "bevel", 
  "separator_line_width": 2, 
  "subgroup_label_orientation": "parallel", 
  "subgroup_text_align": "left", 
  "subgroup_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "subgroup_text_baseline": "bottom", 
  "subgroup_text_color": "#444444", 
  "subgroup_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "subgroup_text_font_size": "11px", 
  "subgroup_text_font_style": "bold", 
  "subgroup_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "subgroup_text_outline_color": null, 
  "subscribed_events": {
    "type": "set"
  }, 
  "syncable": true, 
  "tags": [], 
  "ticker": {
    "id": "p110856", 
    "name": "CategoricalTicker", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "visible": true, 
  "x_range_name": "default", 
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

separator_line_color	The line color of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.
separator_line_alpha	The line alpha of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.
separator_line_width	The line width of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.
separator_line_join	The line join of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.
separator_line_cap	The line cap of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.
separator_line_dash	The line dash of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.
separator_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.
group_text_color	The text color of the group categorical labels.
group_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the group categorical labels.
group_text_alpha	The text alpha of the group categorical labels.
group_text_font	The text font of the group categorical labels.
group_text_font_size	The text font size of the group categorical labels.
group_text_font_style	The text font style of the group categorical labels.
group_text_align	The text align of the group categorical labels.
group_text_baseline	The text baseline of the group categorical labels.
group_text_line_height	The text line height of the group categorical labels.
group_label_orientation	What direction the group label text should be oriented.
subgroup_text_color	The text color of the subgroup categorical labels.
subgroup_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the subgroup categorical labels.
subgroup_text_alpha	The text alpha of the subgroup categorical labels.
subgroup_text_font	The text font of the subgroup categorical labels.
subgroup_text_font_size	The text font size of the subgroup categorical labels.
subgroup_text_font_style	The text font style of the subgroup categorical labels.
subgroup_text_align	The text align of the subgroup categorical labels.
subgroup_text_baseline	The text baseline of the subgroup categorical labels.
subgroup_text_line_height	The text line height of the subgroup categorical labels.
subgroup_label_orientation	What direction the subgroup label text should be oriented.

Inherited from : py: class:Axis

bounds	Bounds for the rendered axis.
ticker	A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.
formatter	A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.
axis_label	A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.
axis_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.
axis_label_text_color	The text color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font	The text font of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the axis label.
axis_label_text_align	The text align of the axis label.
axis_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the axis label.
axis_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the axis label.
major_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.
major_label_orientation	What direction the major label text should be oriented.
major_label_overrides	Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.
major_label_policy	Allows to filter out labels, e.g.
major_label_text_color	The text color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font	The text font of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_align	The text align of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the major tick labels.
axis_line_color	The line color of the axis line.
axis_line_alpha	The line alpha of the axis line.
axis_line_width	The line width of the axis line.
axis_line_join	The line join of the axis line.
axis_line_cap	The line cap of the axis line.
axis_line_dash	The line dash of the axis line.
axis_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the axis line.
major_tick_line_color	The line color of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_width	The line width of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_join	The line join of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the major ticks.
major_tick_in	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.
major_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
minor_tick_line_color	The line color of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_width	The line width of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_join	The line join of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_in	The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.
minor_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
fixed_location	Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis.

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

level	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
visible	Is the renderer visible.
coordinates
x_range_name	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
y_range_name	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
group
propagate_hover	Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Inherited from : py: class:Model

id
ref
name	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
tags	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
js_event_callbacks	A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.
js_property_callbacks	A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
subscribed_events	Collection of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
syncable	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Axis

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:GuideRenderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Model

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__new__(cls, *args[, id])
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
destroy()	Clean up references to the document and property
parameters()	Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.
js_on_event(event, *callbacks)
js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
js_on_change(event, *callbacks)	Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
references()	Returns all Models that this object has references to.
select(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
select_one(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
set_select(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:HasProps

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__setattr__(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__getattr__(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
equals(other)	Structural equality of models.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
set_from_json(name, value, *[, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
update(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
lookup(name, *[, raises])	Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
properties(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
descriptors()	List of property descriptors in the order of definition.
properties_with_refs()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
dataspecs()	Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.
properties_with_values(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.
themed_values()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
apply_theme(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
unapply_theme()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.
clone()	Duplicate a HasProps object.

Inherited from : py: class:Serializable

to_serializable(serializer)

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:PropertyCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:EventCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_event(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

---

axis_label = None

Type:

Nullable(TextLike)

A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.

axis_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.

axis_label_text_align = 'left'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the axis label.

axis_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the axis label.

axis_label_text_baseline = 'bottom'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the axis label.

axis_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_size = '13px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_style = 'italic'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the axis label.

axis_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the axis label.

axis_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the axis label.

axis_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the axis line.

axis_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the axis line.

axis_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the axis line.

axis_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the axis line.

axis_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the axis line.

axis_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the axis line.

axis_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the axis line.

bounds = 'auto'

Type:

Either(Auto, Tuple(Float, Float), Tuple(Datetime, Datetime))

Bounds for the rendered axis. If unset, the axis will span the entire plot in the given dimension.

fixed_location = None

Type:

Either(Null, Float, Factor)

Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis. The direction of ticks and major labels is determined by the side panel that the axis belongs to.

Note

Axes labels are suppressed when axes are positioned at fixed locations inside the central plot area.

formatter = CategoricalTickFormatter(id='p110946', ...)

Type:

Instance(TickFormatter)

A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.

group_label_orientation = 'parallel'

Type:

Either(Enum(TickLabelOrientation), Float)

What direction the group label text should be oriented.

If a number is supplied, the angle of the text is measured from horizontal.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is flat (i.e. no nesting) then this property has no effect.

group_text_align = 'left'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the group categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is flat (i.e. no nesting) then this property has no effect.

group_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the group categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is flat (i.e. no nesting) then this property has no effect.

group_text_baseline = 'bottom'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the group categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is flat (i.e. no nesting) then this property has no effect.

group_text_color = 'grey'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the group categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is flat (i.e. no nesting) then this property has no effect.

group_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the group categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is flat (i.e. no nesting) then this property has no effect.

group_text_font_size = '11px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the group categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is flat (i.e. no nesting) then this property has no effect.

group_text_font_style = 'bold'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the group categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is flat (i.e. no nesting) then this property has no effect.

group_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the group categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is flat (i.e. no nesting) then this property has no effect.

group_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the group categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is flat (i.e. no nesting) then this property has no effect.

level = 'guide'

Type:

Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

major_label_orientation = 'horizontal'

Type:

Either(Enum(Enumeration(horizontal, vertical)), Float)

What direction the major label text should be oriented. If a number is supplied, the angle of the text is measured from horizontal.

major_label_overrides = {}

Type:

Dict(Either(Float, String), TextLike)

Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.

major_label_policy = AllLabels(id='p111003', ...)

Type:

Instance(LabelingPolicy)

Allows to filter out labels, e.g. declutter labels to avoid overlap.

major_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.

major_label_text_align = 'center'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_baseline = 'alphabetic'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_size = '11px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_style = 'normal'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the major tick labels.

major_tick_in = 2

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.

major_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the major ticks.

major_tick_out = 6

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

minor_tick_in = 0

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.

minor_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_out = 4

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

name = None

Type:

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

propagate_hover = False

Type:

Bool

Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Note

This property is experimental and may change at any point.

separator_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting.

separator_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting.

separator_line_color = 'lightgrey'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting.

separator_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting.

separator_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting.

separator_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting.

separator_line_width = 2

Type:

Float

The line width of the separator line between top-level categorical groups.

This property always applies to factors in the outermost level of nesting.

subgroup_label_orientation = 'parallel'

Type:

Either(Enum(TickLabelOrientation), Float)

What direction the subgroup label text should be oriented.

If a number is supplied, the angle of the text is measured from horizontal.

This property always applies to factors in the middle level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is has only zero or one levels of nesting, then this property has no effect.

subgroup_text_align = 'left'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the subgroup categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the middle level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is has only zero or one levels of nesting, then this property has no effect.

subgroup_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the subgroup categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the middle level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is has only zero or one levels of nesting, then this property has no effect.

subgroup_text_baseline = 'bottom'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the subgroup categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the middle level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is has only zero or one levels of nesting, then this property has no effect.

subgroup_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the subgroup categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the middle level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is has only zero or one levels of nesting, then this property has no effect.

subgroup_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the subgroup categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the middle level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is has only zero or one levels of nesting, then this property has no effect.

subgroup_text_font_size = '11px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the subgroup categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the middle level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is has only zero or one levels of nesting, then this property has no effect.

subgroup_text_font_style = 'bold'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the subgroup categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the middle level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is has only zero or one levels of nesting, then this property has no effect.

subgroup_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the subgroup categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the middle level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is has only zero or one levels of nesting, then this property has no effect.

subgroup_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the subgroup categorical labels.

This property always applies to factors in the middle level of nesting. If the list of categorical factors is has only zero or one levels of nesting, then this property has no effect.

syncable = True

Type:

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []

Type:

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

ticker = CategoricalTicker(id='p111204', ...)

Type:

Instance(Ticker)

A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.

The property may also be passed a sequence of floating point numbers as a shorthand for creating and configuring a FixedTicker, e.g. the following code

from bokeh.plotting import figure

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = [10, 20, 37.4]

is equivalent to:

from bokeh.plotting import figure
from bokeh.models import FixedTicker

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = FixedTicker(ticks=[10, 20, 37.4])

visible = True

Type:

Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: dict[str, Any]) → None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters:

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns:

None

clone() → HasProps

Duplicate a HasProps object.

This creates a shallow clone of the original model, i.e. any mutable containers or child models will not be duplicated.

classmethod dataspecs() → dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of DataSpec properties

Return type:

set[str]

classmethod descriptors() → list[PropertyDescriptor[Any]]

List of property descriptors in the order of definition.

destroy() → None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: HasProps) → bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters:

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns:

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

• other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

• other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

• attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises:

ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters:

• name (str) – name of the property to search for

• raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns:

descriptor for property named name

Return type:

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

• *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns:

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod parameters() → list[Parameter]

Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.

Returns:

list(Parameter)

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → set[str] | dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns:

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of properties that have references

Return type:

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters:

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns:

mapping from property names to their values

Return type:

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters:

• query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

• include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns:

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type:

dict

references() → set[Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters:

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns:

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns:

Model

set_from_json(name: str, value: Any, *, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters:

• name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

• json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

• models (dict or None, optional) –

  Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

  This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

• setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

  This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

  In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns:

None

set_select(selector: type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: dict[str, Any]) → None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters:

• selector (JSON-like) –

• updates (dict) –

Returns:

None

themed_values() → dict[str, Any] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns:

dict or None

to_serializable(serializer: Serializer) → ObjectRefRep

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

trigger(attr: str, old: Any, new: Any, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

unapply_theme() → None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns:

None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns:

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

class ContinuousAxis(*args: Any, id: ID | None = None, **kwargs: Any)

Bases: Axis

A base class for all numeric, non-categorical axes types.

Note

This is an abstract base class used to help organize the hierarchy of Bokeh model types. It is not useful to instantiate on its own.

JSON Prototype

{
  "axis_label": null, 
  "axis_label_standoff": 5, 
  "axis_label_text_align": "left", 
  "axis_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_label_text_baseline": "bottom", 
  "axis_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "axis_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "axis_label_text_font_size": "13px", 
  "axis_label_text_font_style": "italic", 
  "axis_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "axis_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "axis_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_line_cap": "butt", 
  "axis_line_color": "black", 
  "axis_line_dash": [], 
  "axis_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "axis_line_join": "bevel", 
  "axis_line_width": 1, 
  "bounds": "auto", 
  "coordinates": null, 
  "fixed_location": null, 
  "formatter": {
    "name": "unset", 
    "type": "symbol"
  }, 
  "group": null, 
  "id": "p111217", 
  "js_event_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "js_property_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "level": "guide", 
  "major_label_orientation": "horizontal", 
  "major_label_overrides": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "major_label_policy": {
    "id": "p111218", 
    "name": "AllLabels", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "major_label_standoff": 5, 
  "major_label_text_align": "center", 
  "major_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_label_text_baseline": "alphabetic", 
  "major_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "major_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "major_label_text_font_size": "11px", 
  "major_label_text_font_style": "normal", 
  "major_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "major_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "major_tick_in": 2, 
  "major_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "major_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "major_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "major_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "major_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "major_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "major_tick_out": 6, 
  "minor_tick_in": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "minor_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "minor_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "minor_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "minor_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "minor_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "minor_tick_out": 4, 
  "name": null, 
  "propagate_hover": false, 
  "subscribed_events": {
    "type": "set"
  }, 
  "syncable": true, 
  "tags": [], 
  "ticker": {
    "name": "unset", 
    "type": "symbol"
  }, 
  "visible": true, 
  "x_range_name": "default", 
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

Inherited from : py: class:Axis

bounds	Bounds for the rendered axis.
ticker	A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.
formatter	A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.
axis_label	A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.
axis_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.
axis_label_text_color	The text color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font	The text font of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the axis label.
axis_label_text_align	The text align of the axis label.
axis_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the axis label.
axis_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the axis label.
major_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.
major_label_orientation	What direction the major label text should be oriented.
major_label_overrides	Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.
major_label_policy	Allows to filter out labels, e.g.
major_label_text_color	The text color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font	The text font of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_align	The text align of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the major tick labels.
axis_line_color	The line color of the axis line.
axis_line_alpha	The line alpha of the axis line.
axis_line_width	The line width of the axis line.
axis_line_join	The line join of the axis line.
axis_line_cap	The line cap of the axis line.
axis_line_dash	The line dash of the axis line.
axis_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the axis line.
major_tick_line_color	The line color of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_width	The line width of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_join	The line join of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the major ticks.
major_tick_in	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.
major_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
minor_tick_line_color	The line color of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_width	The line width of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_join	The line join of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_in	The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.
minor_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
fixed_location	Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis.

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

level	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
visible	Is the renderer visible.
coordinates
x_range_name	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
y_range_name	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
group
propagate_hover	Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Inherited from : py: class:Model

id
ref
name	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
tags	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
js_event_callbacks	A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.
js_property_callbacks	A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
subscribed_events	Collection of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
syncable	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Axis

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:GuideRenderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Model

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__new__(cls, *args[, id])
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
destroy()	Clean up references to the document and property
parameters()	Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.
js_on_event(event, *callbacks)
js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
js_on_change(event, *callbacks)	Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
references()	Returns all Models that this object has references to.
select(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
select_one(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
set_select(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:HasProps

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__setattr__(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__getattr__(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
equals(other)	Structural equality of models.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
set_from_json(name, value, *[, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
update(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
lookup(name, *[, raises])	Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
properties(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
descriptors()	List of property descriptors in the order of definition.
properties_with_refs()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
dataspecs()	Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.
properties_with_values(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.
themed_values()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
apply_theme(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
unapply_theme()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.
clone()	Duplicate a HasProps object.

Inherited from : py: class:Serializable

to_serializable(serializer)

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:PropertyCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:EventCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_event(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

---

axis_label = None

Type:

Nullable(TextLike)

A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.

axis_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.

axis_label_text_align = 'left'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the axis label.

axis_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the axis label.

axis_label_text_baseline = 'bottom'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the axis label.

axis_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_size = '13px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_style = 'italic'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the axis label.

axis_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the axis label.

axis_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the axis label.

axis_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the axis line.

axis_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the axis line.

axis_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the axis line.

axis_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the axis line.

axis_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the axis line.

axis_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the axis line.

axis_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the axis line.

bounds = 'auto'

Type:

Either(Auto, Tuple(Float, Float), Tuple(Datetime, Datetime))

Bounds for the rendered axis. If unset, the axis will span the entire plot in the given dimension.

fixed_location = None

Type:

Either(Null, Float, Factor)

Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis. The direction of ticks and major labels is determined by the side panel that the axis belongs to.

Note

Axes labels are suppressed when axes are positioned at fixed locations inside the central plot area.

formatter = Undefined

Type:

Instance(TickFormatter)

A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.

level = 'guide'

Type:

Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

major_label_orientation = 'horizontal'

Type:

Either(Enum(Enumeration(horizontal, vertical)), Float)

What direction the major label text should be oriented. If a number is supplied, the angle of the text is measured from horizontal.

major_label_overrides = {}

Type:

Dict(Either(Float, String), TextLike)

Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.

major_label_policy = AllLabels(id='p111270', ...)

Type:

Instance(LabelingPolicy)

Allows to filter out labels, e.g. declutter labels to avoid overlap.

major_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.

major_label_text_align = 'center'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_baseline = 'alphabetic'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_size = '11px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_style = 'normal'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the major tick labels.

major_tick_in = 2

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.

major_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the major ticks.

major_tick_out = 6

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

minor_tick_in = 0

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.

minor_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_out = 4

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

name = None

Type:

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

propagate_hover = False

Type:

Bool

Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Note

This property is experimental and may change at any point.

syncable = True

Type:

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []

Type:

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

ticker = Undefined

Type:

Instance(Ticker)

A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.

The property may also be passed a sequence of floating point numbers as a shorthand for creating and configuring a FixedTicker, e.g. the following code

from bokeh.plotting import figure

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = [10, 20, 37.4]

is equivalent to:

from bokeh.plotting import figure
from bokeh.models import FixedTicker

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = FixedTicker(ticks=[10, 20, 37.4])

visible = True

Type:

Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: dict[str, Any]) → None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters:

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns:

None

clone() → HasProps

Duplicate a HasProps object.

This creates a shallow clone of the original model, i.e. any mutable containers or child models will not be duplicated.

classmethod dataspecs() → dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of DataSpec properties

Return type:

set[str]

classmethod descriptors() → list[PropertyDescriptor[Any]]

List of property descriptors in the order of definition.

destroy() → None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: HasProps) → bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters:

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns:

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

• other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

• other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

• attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises:

ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters:

• name (str) – name of the property to search for

• raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns:

descriptor for property named name

Return type:

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

• *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns:

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod parameters() → list[Parameter]

Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.

Returns:

list(Parameter)

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → set[str] | dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns:

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of properties that have references

Return type:

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters:

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns:

mapping from property names to their values

Return type:

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters:

• query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

• include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns:

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type:

dict

references() → set[Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters:

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns:

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns:

Model

set_from_json(name: str, value: Any, *, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters:

• name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

• json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

• models (dict or None, optional) –

  Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

  This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

• setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

  This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

  In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns:

None

set_select(selector: type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: dict[str, Any]) → None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters:

• selector (JSON-like) –

• updates (dict) –

Returns:

None

themed_values() → dict[str, Any] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns:

dict or None

to_serializable(serializer: Serializer) → ObjectRefRep

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

trigger(attr: str, old: Any, new: Any, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

unapply_theme() → None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns:

None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns:

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

class DatetimeAxis(*args: Any, id: ID | None = None, **kwargs: Any)

Bases: LinearAxis

A LinearAxis that picks nice numbers for tick locations on a datetime scale. Configured with a DatetimeTickFormatter by default.

JSON Prototype

{
  "axis_label": null, 
  "axis_label_standoff": 5, 
  "axis_label_text_align": "left", 
  "axis_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_label_text_baseline": "bottom", 
  "axis_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "axis_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "axis_label_text_font_size": "13px", 
  "axis_label_text_font_style": "italic", 
  "axis_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "axis_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "axis_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_line_cap": "butt", 
  "axis_line_color": "black", 
  "axis_line_dash": [], 
  "axis_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "axis_line_join": "bevel", 
  "axis_line_width": 1, 
  "bounds": "auto", 
  "coordinates": null, 
  "fixed_location": null, 
  "formatter": {
    "id": "p111357", 
    "name": "DatetimeTickFormatter", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "group": null, 
  "id": "p111343", 
  "js_event_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "js_property_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "level": "guide", 
  "major_label_orientation": "horizontal", 
  "major_label_overrides": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "major_label_policy": {
    "id": "p111358", 
    "name": "AllLabels", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "major_label_standoff": 5, 
  "major_label_text_align": "center", 
  "major_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_label_text_baseline": "alphabetic", 
  "major_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "major_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "major_label_text_font_size": "11px", 
  "major_label_text_font_style": "normal", 
  "major_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "major_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "major_tick_in": 2, 
  "major_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "major_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "major_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "major_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "major_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "major_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "major_tick_out": 6, 
  "minor_tick_in": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "minor_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "minor_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "minor_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "minor_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "minor_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "minor_tick_out": 4, 
  "name": null, 
  "propagate_hover": false, 
  "subscribed_events": {
    "type": "set"
  }, 
  "syncable": true, 
  "tags": [], 
  "ticker": {
    "attributes": {
      "tickers": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "mantissas": [
              1, 
              2, 
              5
            ], 
            "max_interval": 500.0, 
            "num_minor_ticks": 0
          }, 
          "id": "p111345", 
          "name": "AdaptiveTicker", 
          "type": "object"
        }, 
        {
          "attributes": {
            "base": 60, 
            "mantissas": [
              1, 
              2, 
              5, 
              10, 
              15, 
              20, 
              30
            ], 
            "max_interval": 1800000.0, 
            "min_interval": 1000.0, 
            "num_minor_ticks": 0
          }, 
          "id": "p111346", 
          "name": "AdaptiveTicker", 
          "type": "object"
        }, 
        {
          "attributes": {
            "base": 24, 
            "mantissas": [
              1, 
              2, 
              4, 
              6, 
              8, 
              12
            ], 
            "max_interval": 43200000.0, 
            "min_interval": 3600000.0, 
            "num_minor_ticks": 0
          }, 
          "id": "p111347", 
          "name": "AdaptiveTicker", 
          "type": "object"
        }, 
        {
          "attributes": {
            "days": [
              1, 
              2, 
              3, 
              4, 
              5, 
              6, 
              7, 
              8, 
              9, 
              10, 
              11, 
              12, 
              13, 
              14, 
              15, 
              16, 
              17, 
              18, 
              19, 
              20, 
              21, 
              22, 
              23, 
              24, 
              25, 
              26, 
              27, 
              28, 
              29, 
              30, 
              31
            ]
          }, 
          "id": "p111348", 
          "name": "DaysTicker", 
          "type": "object"
        }, 
        {
          "attributes": {
            "days": [
              1, 
              4, 
              7, 
              10, 
              13, 
              16, 
              19, 
              22, 
              25, 
              28
            ]
          }, 
          "id": "p111349", 
          "name": "DaysTicker", 
          "type": "object"
        }, 
        {
          "attributes": {
            "days": [
              1, 
              8, 
              15, 
              22
            ]
          }, 
          "id": "p111350", 
          "name": "DaysTicker", 
          "type": "object"
        }, 
        {
          "attributes": {
            "days": [
              1, 
              15
            ]
          }, 
          "id": "p111351", 
          "name": "DaysTicker", 
          "type": "object"
        }, 
        {
          "attributes": {
            "months": [
              0, 
              1, 
              2, 
              3, 
              4, 
              5, 
              6, 
              7, 
              8, 
              9, 
              10, 
              11
            ]
          }, 
          "id": "p111352", 
          "name": "MonthsTicker", 
          "type": "object"
        }, 
        {
          "attributes": {
            "months": [
              0, 
              2, 
              4, 
              6, 
              8, 
              10
            ]
          }, 
          "id": "p111353", 
          "name": "MonthsTicker", 
          "type": "object"
        }, 
        {
          "attributes": {
            "months": [
              0, 
              4, 
              8
            ]
          }, 
          "id": "p111354", 
          "name": "MonthsTicker", 
          "type": "object"
        }, 
        {
          "attributes": {
            "months": [
              0, 
              6
            ]
          }, 
          "id": "p111355", 
          "name": "MonthsTicker", 
          "type": "object"
        }, 
        {
          "id": "p111356", 
          "name": "YearsTicker", 
          "type": "object"
        }
      ]
    }, 
    "id": "p111344", 
    "name": "DatetimeTicker", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "visible": true, 
  "x_range_name": "default", 
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

Inherited from : py: class:Axis

bounds	Bounds for the rendered axis.
ticker	A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.
formatter	A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.
axis_label	A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.
axis_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.
axis_label_text_color	The text color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font	The text font of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the axis label.
axis_label_text_align	The text align of the axis label.
axis_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the axis label.
axis_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the axis label.
major_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.
major_label_orientation	What direction the major label text should be oriented.
major_label_overrides	Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.
major_label_policy	Allows to filter out labels, e.g.
major_label_text_color	The text color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font	The text font of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_align	The text align of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the major tick labels.
axis_line_color	The line color of the axis line.
axis_line_alpha	The line alpha of the axis line.
axis_line_width	The line width of the axis line.
axis_line_join	The line join of the axis line.
axis_line_cap	The line cap of the axis line.
axis_line_dash	The line dash of the axis line.
axis_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the axis line.
major_tick_line_color	The line color of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_width	The line width of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_join	The line join of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the major ticks.
major_tick_in	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.
major_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
minor_tick_line_color	The line color of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_width	The line width of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_join	The line join of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_in	The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.
minor_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
fixed_location	Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis.

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

level	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
visible	Is the renderer visible.
coordinates
x_range_name	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
y_range_name	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
group
propagate_hover	Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Inherited from : py: class:Model

id
ref
name	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
tags	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
js_event_callbacks	A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.
js_property_callbacks	A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
subscribed_events	Collection of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
syncable	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:LinearAxis

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:ContinuousAxis

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Axis

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:GuideRenderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Model

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__new__(cls, *args[, id])
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
destroy()	Clean up references to the document and property
parameters()	Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.
js_on_event(event, *callbacks)
js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
js_on_change(event, *callbacks)	Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
references()	Returns all Models that this object has references to.
select(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
select_one(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
set_select(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:HasProps

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__setattr__(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__getattr__(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
equals(other)	Structural equality of models.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
set_from_json(name, value, *[, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
update(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
lookup(name, *[, raises])	Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
properties(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
descriptors()	List of property descriptors in the order of definition.
properties_with_refs()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
dataspecs()	Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.
properties_with_values(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.
themed_values()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
apply_theme(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
unapply_theme()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.
clone()	Duplicate a HasProps object.

Inherited from : py: class:Serializable

to_serializable(serializer)

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:PropertyCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:EventCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_event(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

---

axis_label = None

Type:

Nullable(TextLike)

A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.

axis_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.

axis_label_text_align = 'left'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the axis label.

axis_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the axis label.

axis_label_text_baseline = 'bottom'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the axis label.

axis_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_size = '13px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_style = 'italic'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the axis label.

axis_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the axis label.

axis_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the axis label.

axis_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the axis line.

axis_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the axis line.

axis_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the axis line.

axis_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the axis line.

axis_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the axis line.

axis_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the axis line.

axis_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the axis line.

bounds = 'auto'

Type:

Either(Auto, Tuple(Float, Float), Tuple(Datetime, Datetime))

Bounds for the rendered axis. If unset, the axis will span the entire plot in the given dimension.

fixed_location = None

Type:

Either(Null, Float, Factor)

Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis. The direction of ticks and major labels is determined by the side panel that the axis belongs to.

Note

Axes labels are suppressed when axes are positioned at fixed locations inside the central plot area.

formatter = DatetimeTickFormatter(id='p111722', ...)

Type:

Instance(TickFormatter)

A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.

level = 'guide'

Type:

Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

major_label_orientation = 'horizontal'

Type:

Either(Enum(Enumeration(horizontal, vertical)), Float)

What direction the major label text should be oriented. If a number is supplied, the angle of the text is measured from horizontal.

major_label_overrides = {}

Type:

Dict(Either(Float, String), TextLike)

Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.

major_label_policy = AllLabels(id='p111787', ...)

Type:

Instance(LabelingPolicy)

Allows to filter out labels, e.g. declutter labels to avoid overlap.

major_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.

major_label_text_align = 'center'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_baseline = 'alphabetic'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_size = '11px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_style = 'normal'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the major tick labels.

major_tick_in = 2

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.

major_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the major ticks.

major_tick_out = 6

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

minor_tick_in = 0

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.

minor_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_out = 4

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

name = None

Type:

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

propagate_hover = False

Type:

Bool

Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Note

This property is experimental and may change at any point.

syncable = True

Type:

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []

Type:

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

ticker = DatetimeTicker(id='p112316', ...)

Type:

Instance(Ticker)

A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.

The property may also be passed a sequence of floating point numbers as a shorthand for creating and configuring a FixedTicker, e.g. the following code

from bokeh.plotting import figure

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = [10, 20, 37.4]

is equivalent to:

from bokeh.plotting import figure
from bokeh.models import FixedTicker

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = FixedTicker(ticks=[10, 20, 37.4])

visible = True

Type:

Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: dict[str, Any]) → None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters:

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns:

None

clone() → HasProps

Duplicate a HasProps object.

This creates a shallow clone of the original model, i.e. any mutable containers or child models will not be duplicated.

classmethod dataspecs() → dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of DataSpec properties

Return type:

set[str]

classmethod descriptors() → list[PropertyDescriptor[Any]]

List of property descriptors in the order of definition.

destroy() → None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: HasProps) → bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters:

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns:

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

• other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

• other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

• attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises:

ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters:

• name (str) – name of the property to search for

• raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns:

descriptor for property named name

Return type:

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

• *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns:

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod parameters() → list[Parameter]

Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.

Returns:

list(Parameter)

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → set[str] | dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns:

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of properties that have references

Return type:

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters:

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns:

mapping from property names to their values

Return type:

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters:

• query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

• include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns:

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type:

dict

references() → set[Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters:

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns:

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns:

Model

set_from_json(name: str, value: Any, *, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters:

• name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

• json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

• models (dict or None, optional) –

  Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

  This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

• setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

  This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

  In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns:

None

set_select(selector: type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: dict[str, Any]) → None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters:

• selector (JSON-like) –

• updates (dict) –

Returns:

None

themed_values() → dict[str, Any] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns:

dict or None

to_serializable(serializer: Serializer) → ObjectRefRep

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

trigger(attr: str, old: Any, new: Any, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

unapply_theme() → None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns:

None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns:

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

class LinearAxis(*args: Any, id: ID | None = None, **kwargs: Any)

Bases: ContinuousAxis

An axis that picks nice numbers for tick locations on a linear scale. Configured with a BasicTickFormatter by default.

JSON Prototype

{
  "axis_label": null, 
  "axis_label_standoff": 5, 
  "axis_label_text_align": "left", 
  "axis_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_label_text_baseline": "bottom", 
  "axis_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "axis_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "axis_label_text_font_size": "13px", 
  "axis_label_text_font_style": "italic", 
  "axis_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "axis_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "axis_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_line_cap": "butt", 
  "axis_line_color": "black", 
  "axis_line_dash": [], 
  "axis_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "axis_line_join": "bevel", 
  "axis_line_width": 1, 
  "bounds": "auto", 
  "coordinates": null, 
  "fixed_location": null, 
  "formatter": {
    "id": "p112379", 
    "name": "BasicTickFormatter", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "group": null, 
  "id": "p112377", 
  "js_event_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "js_property_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "level": "guide", 
  "major_label_orientation": "horizontal", 
  "major_label_overrides": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "major_label_policy": {
    "id": "p112380", 
    "name": "AllLabels", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "major_label_standoff": 5, 
  "major_label_text_align": "center", 
  "major_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_label_text_baseline": "alphabetic", 
  "major_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "major_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "major_label_text_font_size": "11px", 
  "major_label_text_font_style": "normal", 
  "major_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "major_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "major_tick_in": 2, 
  "major_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "major_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "major_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "major_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "major_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "major_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "major_tick_out": 6, 
  "minor_tick_in": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "minor_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "minor_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "minor_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "minor_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "minor_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "minor_tick_out": 4, 
  "name": null, 
  "propagate_hover": false, 
  "subscribed_events": {
    "type": "set"
  }, 
  "syncable": true, 
  "tags": [], 
  "ticker": {
    "attributes": {
      "mantissas": [
        1, 
        2, 
        5
      ]
    }, 
    "id": "p112378", 
    "name": "BasicTicker", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "visible": true, 
  "x_range_name": "default", 
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

Inherited from : py: class:Axis

bounds	Bounds for the rendered axis.
ticker	A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.
formatter	A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.
axis_label	A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.
axis_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.
axis_label_text_color	The text color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font	The text font of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the axis label.
axis_label_text_align	The text align of the axis label.
axis_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the axis label.
axis_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the axis label.
major_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.
major_label_orientation	What direction the major label text should be oriented.
major_label_overrides	Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.
major_label_policy	Allows to filter out labels, e.g.
major_label_text_color	The text color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font	The text font of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_align	The text align of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the major tick labels.
axis_line_color	The line color of the axis line.
axis_line_alpha	The line alpha of the axis line.
axis_line_width	The line width of the axis line.
axis_line_join	The line join of the axis line.
axis_line_cap	The line cap of the axis line.
axis_line_dash	The line dash of the axis line.
axis_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the axis line.
major_tick_line_color	The line color of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_width	The line width of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_join	The line join of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the major ticks.
major_tick_in	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.
major_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
minor_tick_line_color	The line color of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_width	The line width of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_join	The line join of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_in	The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.
minor_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
fixed_location	Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis.

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

level	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
visible	Is the renderer visible.
coordinates
x_range_name	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
y_range_name	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
group
propagate_hover	Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Inherited from : py: class:Model

id
ref
name	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
tags	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
js_event_callbacks	A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.
js_property_callbacks	A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
subscribed_events	Collection of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
syncable	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:ContinuousAxis

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Axis

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:GuideRenderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Model

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__new__(cls, *args[, id])
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
destroy()	Clean up references to the document and property
parameters()	Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.
js_on_event(event, *callbacks)
js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
js_on_change(event, *callbacks)	Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
references()	Returns all Models that this object has references to.
select(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
select_one(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
set_select(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:HasProps

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__setattr__(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__getattr__(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
equals(other)	Structural equality of models.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
set_from_json(name, value, *[, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
update(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
lookup(name, *[, raises])	Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
properties(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
descriptors()	List of property descriptors in the order of definition.
properties_with_refs()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
dataspecs()	Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.
properties_with_values(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.
themed_values()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
apply_theme(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
unapply_theme()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.
clone()	Duplicate a HasProps object.

Inherited from : py: class:Serializable

to_serializable(serializer)

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:PropertyCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:EventCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_event(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

---

axis_label = None

Type:

Nullable(TextLike)

A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.

axis_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.

axis_label_text_align = 'left'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the axis label.

axis_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the axis label.

axis_label_text_baseline = 'bottom'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the axis label.

axis_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_size = '13px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_style = 'italic'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the axis label.

axis_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the axis label.

axis_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the axis label.

axis_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the axis line.

axis_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the axis line.

axis_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the axis line.

axis_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the axis line.

axis_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the axis line.

axis_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the axis line.

axis_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the axis line.

bounds = 'auto'

Type:

Either(Auto, Tuple(Float, Float), Tuple(Datetime, Datetime))

Bounds for the rendered axis. If unset, the axis will span the entire plot in the given dimension.

fixed_location = None

Type:

Either(Null, Float, Factor)

Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis. The direction of ticks and major labels is determined by the side panel that the axis belongs to.

Note

Axes labels are suppressed when axes are positioned at fixed locations inside the central plot area.

formatter = BasicTickFormatter(id='p112468', ...)

Type:

Instance(TickFormatter)

A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.

level = 'guide'

Type:

Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

major_label_orientation = 'horizontal'

Type:

Either(Enum(Enumeration(horizontal, vertical)), Float)

What direction the major label text should be oriented. If a number is supplied, the angle of the text is measured from horizontal.

major_label_overrides = {}

Type:

Dict(Either(Float, String), TextLike)

Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.

major_label_policy = AllLabels(id='p112485', ...)

Type:

Instance(LabelingPolicy)

Allows to filter out labels, e.g. declutter labels to avoid overlap.

major_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.

major_label_text_align = 'center'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_baseline = 'alphabetic'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_size = '11px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_style = 'normal'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the major tick labels.

major_tick_in = 2

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.

major_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the major ticks.

major_tick_out = 6

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

minor_tick_in = 0

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.

minor_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_out = 4

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

name = None

Type:

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

propagate_hover = False

Type:

Bool

Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Note

This property is experimental and may change at any point.

syncable = True

Type:

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []

Type:

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

ticker = BasicTicker(id='p112618', ...)

Type:

Instance(Ticker)

A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.

The property may also be passed a sequence of floating point numbers as a shorthand for creating and configuring a FixedTicker, e.g. the following code

from bokeh.plotting import figure

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = [10, 20, 37.4]

is equivalent to:

from bokeh.plotting import figure
from bokeh.models import FixedTicker

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = FixedTicker(ticks=[10, 20, 37.4])

visible = True

Type:

Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: dict[str, Any]) → None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters:

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns:

None

clone() → HasProps

Duplicate a HasProps object.

This creates a shallow clone of the original model, i.e. any mutable containers or child models will not be duplicated.

classmethod dataspecs() → dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of DataSpec properties

Return type:

set[str]

classmethod descriptors() → list[PropertyDescriptor[Any]]

List of property descriptors in the order of definition.

destroy() → None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: HasProps) → bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters:

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns:

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

• other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

• other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

• attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises:

ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters:

• name (str) – name of the property to search for

• raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns:

descriptor for property named name

Return type:

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

• *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns:

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod parameters() → list[Parameter]

Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.

Returns:

list(Parameter)

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → set[str] | dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns:

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of properties that have references

Return type:

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters:

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns:

mapping from property names to their values

Return type:

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters:

• query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

• include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns:

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type:

dict

references() → set[Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters:

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns:

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns:

Model

set_from_json(name: str, value: Any, *, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters:

• name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

• json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

• models (dict or None, optional) –

  Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

  This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

• setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

  This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

  In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns:

None

set_select(selector: type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: dict[str, Any]) → None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters:

• selector (JSON-like) –

• updates (dict) –

Returns:

None

themed_values() → dict[str, Any] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns:

dict or None

to_serializable(serializer: Serializer) → ObjectRefRep

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

trigger(attr: str, old: Any, new: Any, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

unapply_theme() → None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns:

None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns:

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

class LogAxis(*args: Any, id: ID | None = None, **kwargs: Any)

Bases: ContinuousAxis

An axis that picks nice numbers for tick locations on a log scale. Configured with a LogTickFormatter by default.

JSON Prototype

{
  "axis_label": null, 
  "axis_label_standoff": 5, 
  "axis_label_text_align": "left", 
  "axis_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_label_text_baseline": "bottom", 
  "axis_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "axis_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "axis_label_text_font_size": "13px", 
  "axis_label_text_font_style": "italic", 
  "axis_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "axis_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "axis_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_line_cap": "butt", 
  "axis_line_color": "black", 
  "axis_line_dash": [], 
  "axis_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "axis_line_join": "bevel", 
  "axis_line_width": 1, 
  "bounds": "auto", 
  "coordinates": null, 
  "fixed_location": null, 
  "formatter": {
    "id": "p112633", 
    "name": "LogTickFormatter", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "group": null, 
  "id": "p112631", 
  "js_event_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "js_property_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "level": "guide", 
  "major_label_orientation": "horizontal", 
  "major_label_overrides": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "major_label_policy": {
    "id": "p112634", 
    "name": "AllLabels", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "major_label_standoff": 5, 
  "major_label_text_align": "center", 
  "major_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_label_text_baseline": "alphabetic", 
  "major_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "major_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "major_label_text_font_size": "11px", 
  "major_label_text_font_style": "normal", 
  "major_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "major_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "major_tick_in": 2, 
  "major_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "major_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "major_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "major_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "major_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "major_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "major_tick_out": 6, 
  "minor_tick_in": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "minor_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "minor_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "minor_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "minor_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "minor_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "minor_tick_out": 4, 
  "name": null, 
  "propagate_hover": false, 
  "subscribed_events": {
    "type": "set"
  }, 
  "syncable": true, 
  "tags": [], 
  "ticker": {
    "attributes": {
      "mantissas": [
        1, 
        5
      ]
    }, 
    "id": "p112632", 
    "name": "LogTicker", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "visible": true, 
  "x_range_name": "default", 
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

Inherited from : py: class:Axis

bounds	Bounds for the rendered axis.
ticker	A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.
formatter	A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.
axis_label	A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.
axis_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.
axis_label_text_color	The text color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font	The text font of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the axis label.
axis_label_text_align	The text align of the axis label.
axis_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the axis label.
axis_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the axis label.
major_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.
major_label_orientation	What direction the major label text should be oriented.
major_label_overrides	Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.
major_label_policy	Allows to filter out labels, e.g.
major_label_text_color	The text color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font	The text font of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_align	The text align of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the major tick labels.
axis_line_color	The line color of the axis line.
axis_line_alpha	The line alpha of the axis line.
axis_line_width	The line width of the axis line.
axis_line_join	The line join of the axis line.
axis_line_cap	The line cap of the axis line.
axis_line_dash	The line dash of the axis line.
axis_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the axis line.
major_tick_line_color	The line color of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_width	The line width of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_join	The line join of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the major ticks.
major_tick_in	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.
major_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
minor_tick_line_color	The line color of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_width	The line width of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_join	The line join of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_in	The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.
minor_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
fixed_location	Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis.

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

level	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
visible	Is the renderer visible.
coordinates
x_range_name	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
y_range_name	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
group
propagate_hover	Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Inherited from : py: class:Model

id
ref
name	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
tags	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
js_event_callbacks	A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.
js_property_callbacks	A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
subscribed_events	Collection of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
syncable	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:ContinuousAxis

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Axis

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:GuideRenderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Model

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__new__(cls, *args[, id])
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
destroy()	Clean up references to the document and property
parameters()	Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.
js_on_event(event, *callbacks)
js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
js_on_change(event, *callbacks)	Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
references()	Returns all Models that this object has references to.
select(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
select_one(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
set_select(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:HasProps

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__setattr__(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__getattr__(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
equals(other)	Structural equality of models.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
set_from_json(name, value, *[, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
update(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
lookup(name, *[, raises])	Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
properties(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
descriptors()	List of property descriptors in the order of definition.
properties_with_refs()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
dataspecs()	Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.
properties_with_values(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.
themed_values()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
apply_theme(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
unapply_theme()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.
clone()	Duplicate a HasProps object.

Inherited from : py: class:Serializable

to_serializable(serializer)

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:PropertyCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:EventCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_event(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

---

axis_label = None

Type:

Nullable(TextLike)

A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.

axis_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.

axis_label_text_align = 'left'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the axis label.

axis_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the axis label.

axis_label_text_baseline = 'bottom'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the axis label.

axis_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_size = '13px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_style = 'italic'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the axis label.

axis_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the axis label.

axis_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the axis label.

axis_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the axis line.

axis_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the axis line.

axis_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the axis line.

axis_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the axis line.

axis_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the axis line.

axis_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the axis line.

axis_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the axis line.

bounds = 'auto'

Type:

Either(Auto, Tuple(Float, Float), Tuple(Datetime, Datetime))

Bounds for the rendered axis. If unset, the axis will span the entire plot in the given dimension.

fixed_location = None

Type:

Either(Null, Float, Factor)

Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis. The direction of ticks and major labels is determined by the side panel that the axis belongs to.

Note

Axes labels are suppressed when axes are positioned at fixed locations inside the central plot area.

formatter = LogTickFormatter(id='p112722', ...)

Type:

Instance(TickFormatter)

A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.

level = 'guide'

Type:

Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

major_label_orientation = 'horizontal'

Type:

Either(Enum(Enumeration(horizontal, vertical)), Float)

What direction the major label text should be oriented. If a number is supplied, the angle of the text is measured from horizontal.

major_label_overrides = {}

Type:

Dict(Either(Float, String), TextLike)

Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.

major_label_policy = AllLabels(id='p112739', ...)

Type:

Instance(LabelingPolicy)

Allows to filter out labels, e.g. declutter labels to avoid overlap.

major_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.

major_label_text_align = 'center'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_baseline = 'alphabetic'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_size = '11px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_style = 'normal'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the major tick labels.

major_tick_in = 2

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.

major_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the major ticks.

major_tick_out = 6

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

minor_tick_in = 0

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.

minor_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_out = 4

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

name = None

Type:

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

propagate_hover = False

Type:

Bool

Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Note

This property is experimental and may change at any point.

syncable = True

Type:

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []

Type:

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

ticker = LogTicker(id='p112872', ...)

Type:

Instance(Ticker)

A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.

The property may also be passed a sequence of floating point numbers as a shorthand for creating and configuring a FixedTicker, e.g. the following code

from bokeh.plotting import figure

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = [10, 20, 37.4]

is equivalent to:

from bokeh.plotting import figure
from bokeh.models import FixedTicker

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = FixedTicker(ticks=[10, 20, 37.4])

visible = True

Type:

Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: dict[str, Any]) → None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters:

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns:

None

clone() → HasProps

Duplicate a HasProps object.

This creates a shallow clone of the original model, i.e. any mutable containers or child models will not be duplicated.

classmethod dataspecs() → dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of DataSpec properties

Return type:

set[str]

classmethod descriptors() → list[PropertyDescriptor[Any]]

List of property descriptors in the order of definition.

destroy() → None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: HasProps) → bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters:

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns:

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

• other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

• other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

• attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises:

ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters:

• name (str) – name of the property to search for

• raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns:

descriptor for property named name

Return type:

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

• *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns:

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod parameters() → list[Parameter]

Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.

Returns:

list(Parameter)

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → set[str] | dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns:

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of properties that have references

Return type:

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters:

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns:

mapping from property names to their values

Return type:

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters:

• query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

• include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns:

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type:

dict

references() → set[Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters:

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns:

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns:

Model

set_from_json(name: str, value: Any, *, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters:

• name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

• json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

• models (dict or None, optional) –

  Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

  This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

• setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

  This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

  In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns:

None

set_select(selector: type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: dict[str, Any]) → None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters:

• selector (JSON-like) –

• updates (dict) –

Returns:

None

themed_values() → dict[str, Any] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns:

dict or None

to_serializable(serializer: Serializer) → ObjectRefRep

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

trigger(attr: str, old: Any, new: Any, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

unapply_theme() → None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns:

None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns:

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

class MercatorAxis(*args: Any, id: ID | None = None, **kwargs: Any)

Bases: LinearAxis

An axis that picks nice numbers for tick locations on a Mercator scale. Configured with a MercatorTickFormatter by default.

Parameters:

dimension ('lat' or 'lon', optional) – Whether this axis will display latitude or longitude values. (default: ‘lat’)

JSON Prototype

{
  "axis_label": null, 
  "axis_label_standoff": 5, 
  "axis_label_text_align": "left", 
  "axis_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_label_text_baseline": "bottom", 
  "axis_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "axis_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "axis_label_text_font_size": "13px", 
  "axis_label_text_font_style": "italic", 
  "axis_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "axis_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "axis_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "axis_line_cap": "butt", 
  "axis_line_color": "black", 
  "axis_line_dash": [], 
  "axis_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "axis_line_join": "bevel", 
  "axis_line_width": 1, 
  "bounds": "auto", 
  "coordinates": null, 
  "fixed_location": null, 
  "formatter": {
    "attributes": {
      "dimension": "lat"
    }, 
    "id": "p112887", 
    "name": "MercatorTickFormatter", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "group": null, 
  "id": "p112885", 
  "js_event_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "js_property_callbacks": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "level": "guide", 
  "major_label_orientation": "horizontal", 
  "major_label_overrides": {
    "type": "map"
  }, 
  "major_label_policy": {
    "id": "p112888", 
    "name": "AllLabels", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "major_label_standoff": 5, 
  "major_label_text_align": "center", 
  "major_label_text_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_label_text_baseline": "alphabetic", 
  "major_label_text_color": "#444444", 
  "major_label_text_font": "helvetica", 
  "major_label_text_font_size": "11px", 
  "major_label_text_font_style": "normal", 
  "major_label_text_line_height": 1.2, 
  "major_label_text_outline_color": null, 
  "major_tick_in": 2, 
  "major_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "major_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "major_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "major_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "major_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "major_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "major_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "major_tick_out": 6, 
  "minor_tick_in": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_alpha": 1.0, 
  "minor_tick_line_cap": "butt", 
  "minor_tick_line_color": "black", 
  "minor_tick_line_dash": [], 
  "minor_tick_line_dash_offset": 0, 
  "minor_tick_line_join": "bevel", 
  "minor_tick_line_width": 1, 
  "minor_tick_out": 4, 
  "name": null, 
  "propagate_hover": false, 
  "subscribed_events": {
    "type": "set"
  }, 
  "syncable": true, 
  "tags": [], 
  "ticker": {
    "attributes": {
      "dimension": "lat", 
      "mantissas": [
        1, 
        2, 
        5
      ]
    }, 
    "id": "p112886", 
    "name": "MercatorTicker", 
    "type": "object"
  }, 
  "visible": true, 
  "x_range_name": "default", 
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

Inherited from : py: class:Axis

bounds	Bounds for the rendered axis.
ticker	A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.
formatter	A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.
axis_label	A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.
axis_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.
axis_label_text_color	The text color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the axis label.
axis_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font	The text font of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the axis label.
axis_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the axis label.
axis_label_text_align	The text align of the axis label.
axis_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the axis label.
axis_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the axis label.
major_label_standoff	The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.
major_label_orientation	What direction the major label text should be oriented.
major_label_overrides	Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.
major_label_policy	Allows to filter out labels, e.g.
major_label_text_color	The text color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_outline_color	The text outline color of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_alpha	The text alpha of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font	The text font of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_size	The text font size of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_font_style	The text font style of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_align	The text align of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_baseline	The text baseline of the major tick labels.
major_label_text_line_height	The text line height of the major tick labels.
axis_line_color	The line color of the axis line.
axis_line_alpha	The line alpha of the axis line.
axis_line_width	The line width of the axis line.
axis_line_join	The line join of the axis line.
axis_line_cap	The line cap of the axis line.
axis_line_dash	The line dash of the axis line.
axis_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the axis line.
major_tick_line_color	The line color of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_width	The line width of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_join	The line join of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the major ticks.
major_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the major ticks.
major_tick_in	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.
major_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
minor_tick_line_color	The line color of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_alpha	The line alpha of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_width	The line width of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_join	The line join of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_cap	The line cap of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash	The line dash of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_line_dash_offset	The line dash offset of the minor ticks.
minor_tick_in	The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.
minor_tick_out	The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
fixed_location	Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis.

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

level	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
visible	Is the renderer visible.
coordinates
x_range_name	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
y_range_name	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
group
propagate_hover	Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Inherited from : py: class:Model

id
ref
name	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
tags	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
js_event_callbacks	A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.
js_property_callbacks	A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
subscribed_events	Collection of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
syncable	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:LinearAxis

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:ContinuousAxis

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Axis

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:GuideRenderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Renderer

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:Model

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__new__(cls, *args[, id])
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
destroy()	Clean up references to the document and property
parameters()	Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.
js_on_event(event, *callbacks)
js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
js_on_change(event, *callbacks)	Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
references()	Returns all Models that this object has references to.
select(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
select_one(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
set_select(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:HasProps

__init_subclass__()	This method is called when a class is subclassed.
__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
__setattr__(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__getattr__(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
__str__()	Return str(self).
__repr__()	Return repr(self).
equals(other)	Structural equality of models.
to_serializable(serializer)	Converts this object to a serializable representation.
set_from_json(name, value, *[, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
update(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
lookup(name, *[, raises])	Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
properties(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
descriptors()	List of property descriptors in the order of definition.
properties_with_refs()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
dataspecs()	Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.
properties_with_values(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.
themed_values()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
apply_theme(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
unapply_theme()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.
clone()	Duplicate a HasProps object.

Inherited from : py: class:Serializable

to_serializable(serializer)

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

Inherited from : py: class:HasDocumentRef

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])

Inherited from : py: class:PropertyCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.
remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from : py: class:EventCallbackManager

__init__(*[, axis_label_standoff, ...])
on_event(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

---

axis_label = None

Type:

Nullable(TextLike)

A text or LaTeX notation label for the axis, displayed parallel to the axis rule.

axis_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the axis labels should be offset from the tick labels.

axis_label_text_align = 'left'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the axis label.

axis_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the axis label.

axis_label_text_baseline = 'bottom'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the axis label.

axis_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_size = '13px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the axis label.

axis_label_text_font_style = 'italic'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the axis label.

axis_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the axis label.

axis_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the axis label.

axis_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the axis line.

axis_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the axis line.

axis_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the axis line.

axis_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the axis line.

axis_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the axis line.

axis_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the axis line.

axis_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the axis line.

bounds = 'auto'

Type:

Either(Auto, Tuple(Float, Float), Tuple(Datetime, Datetime))

Bounds for the rendered axis. If unset, the axis will span the entire plot in the given dimension.

fixed_location = None

Type:

Either(Null, Float, Factor)

Set to specify a fixed coordinate location to draw the axis. The direction of ticks and major labels is determined by the side panel that the axis belongs to.

Note

Axes labels are suppressed when axes are positioned at fixed locations inside the central plot area.

formatter = MercatorTickFormatter(id='p113064', ...)

Type:

Instance(TickFormatter)

A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.

level = 'guide'

Type:

Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

major_label_orientation = 'horizontal'

Type:

Either(Enum(Enumeration(horizontal, vertical)), Float)

What direction the major label text should be oriented. If a number is supplied, the angle of the text is measured from horizontal.

major_label_overrides = {}

Type:

Dict(Either(Float, String), TextLike)

Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.

major_label_policy = AllLabels(id='p113097', ...)

Type:

Instance(LabelingPolicy)

Allows to filter out labels, e.g. declutter labels to avoid overlap.

major_label_standoff = 5

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that the major tick labels should be offset from the associated ticks.

major_label_text_align = 'center'

Type:

Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The text alpha of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_baseline = 'alphabetic'

Type:

Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_color = '#444444'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text color of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font = 'helvetica'

Type:

String

The text font of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_size = '11px'

Type:

FontSize

The text font size of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_style = 'normal'

Type:

Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_line_height = 1.2

Type:

Float

The text line height of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_outline_color = None

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The text outline color of the major tick labels.

major_tick_in = 2

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.

major_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the major ticks.

major_tick_out = 6

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

minor_tick_in = 0

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.

minor_tick_line_alpha = 1.0

Type:

Alpha

The line alpha of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_cap = 'butt'

Type:

Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_color = 'black'

Type:

Nullable(Color)

The line color of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash = []

Type:

DashPattern

The line dash of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash_offset = 0

Type:

Int

The line dash offset of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_join = 'bevel'

Type:

Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_width = 1

Type:

Float

The line width of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_out = 4

Type:

Int

The distance in pixels that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

name = None

Type:

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

propagate_hover = False

Type:

Bool

Allows to propagate hover events to the parent renderer, frame or canvas.

Note

This property is experimental and may change at any point.

syncable = True

Type:

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []

Type:

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

ticker = MercatorTicker(id='p113362', ...)

Type:

Instance(Ticker)

A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.

The property may also be passed a sequence of floating point numbers as a shorthand for creating and configuring a FixedTicker, e.g. the following code

from bokeh.plotting import figure

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = [10, 20, 37.4]

is equivalent to:

from bokeh.plotting import figure
from bokeh.models import FixedTicker

p = figure()
p.xaxis.ticker = FixedTicker(ticks=[10, 20, 37.4])

visible = True

Type:

Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'

Type:

String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: dict[str, Any]) → None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters:

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns:

None

clone() → HasProps

Duplicate a HasProps object.

This creates a shallow clone of the original model, i.e. any mutable containers or child models will not be duplicated.

classmethod dataspecs() → dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of DataSpec properties

Return type:

set[str]

classmethod descriptors() → list[PropertyDescriptor[Any]]

List of property descriptors in the order of definition.

destroy() → None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: HasProps) → bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters:

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns:

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

• other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

• other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

• attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises:

ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters:

• name (str) – name of the property to search for

• raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns:

descriptor for property named name

Return type:

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters:

• attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

• *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns:

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod parameters() → list[Parameter]

Generate Python Parameter values suitable for functions that are derived from the glyph.

Returns:

list(Parameter)

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → set[str] | dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns:

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns:

names of properties that have references

Return type:

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters:

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns:

mapping from property names to their values

Return type:

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters:

• query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

• include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns:

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type:

dict

references() → set[Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters:

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns:

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns:

Model

set_from_json(name: str, value: Any, *, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters:

• name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

• json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

• models (dict or None, optional) –

  Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

  This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

• setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

  This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

  In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns:

None

set_select(selector: type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: dict[str, Any]) → None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters:

• selector (JSON-like) –

• updates (dict) –

Returns:

None

themed_values() → dict[str, Any] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns:

dict or None

to_serializable(serializer: Serializer) → ObjectRefRep

Converts this object to a serializable representation.

trigger(attr: str, old: Any, new: Any, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None

unapply_theme() → None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns:

None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns:

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)