Setting up a development environment

The Bokeh project consists of two major components: the Bokeh package source code, written in Python, and the BokehJS client-side library, written in TypeScript.

Therefore, you need to set up two environments to contribute to Bokeh: A Python environment and a TypeScript environment. This chapter walks you through all the necessary steps to set up a full development environment.

1. Check basic requirements

Install or update Git

The Bokeh source code is stored in a Git source control repository. The first step to working on Bokeh is to install or update Git on your system.

There are different ways to do this, depending on whether you are using Windows, OSX, or Linux. To install Git on any platform, refer to the Installing Git section of the Pro Git Book.

If you have never used Git before, you can find links to several beginner tutorials and resources in the Git documentation.

Install or update conda

Working on the Bokeh codebase requires installing several software packages that are not Python packages. For example, Node.js for TypeScript development or Selenium for testing and exporting.

To be able to manage Python and non-Python dependencies in one place, Bokeh uses the conda package manager. conda is part of the free Anaconda Python distribution available for Windows, macOS, and Linux. Conda creates and manages virtual environments for you. Therefore, you don’t need tools like venv, virtualenv, or pipenv. While it is technically possible to install all dependencies manually without conda, this guide will assume that you have conda installed.

To install or update Conda on your system, see Installation in the Conda documentation.

Note

If conda is already installed on your system, make sure it is up to date by running the following command:

conda update -n base -c defaults conda

2. Fork and clone the repository

The source code for the Bokeh project is hosted on GitHub, at https://github.com/bokeh/bokeh.

Unless you are a @bokeh/dev team member, you first need to create a fork of Bokeh’s main repository. For more information on creating a fork, see Fork a repo in GitHub Help.

Next, clone the version of the Bokeh repository you want to work on to a local folder on your hard drive. Use git clone or follow the instructions for cloning a forked repository in GitHub Help.

Cloning the repository creates a bokeh directory at your file system location. This local bokeh directory is referred to as the source checkout for the remainder of this document.

3. Create a conda environment

The Bokeh repository you just cloned to your local hard drive contains an environment.yml file. In this file is all the necessary information to automatically create a basic development environment. The name of this virtual environment will be bkdev.

Use conda env create at the root level of your source checkout directory to set up the environment and install all necessary packages:

conda env create -f environment.yml

Then, activate the environment:

conda activate bkdev

Note

To update your local environment, use conda env update -f environment.yml. Updating your local environment is necessary whenever the dependencies in environment.yml change. This can happen when the environment file is updated in the main Bokeh repository or when you switch branches to work on different issues, for example.

To learn more about creating and managing conda environments, see Managing environments in the Conda documentation.

4. Install Node packages

Building BokehJS also requires installing JavaScript dependencies using the Node Package Manager (npm). If you have followed the instructions above, conda has already installed the necessary npm and node.js packages to your system.

Bokeh usually requires the latest major revision of npm. To install the newest version globally, start from the top level of the source checkout directory, and run the following commands:

cd bokehjs
npm install -g npm@7

If you do not want to install npm globally, leave out the -g flag. In this case, you need to adjust all subsequent npm commands to use the local version installed under bokehjs/node_modules.

Next, still in the bokehjs subdirectory, run the following command to install all the JavaScript dependencies for BokehJS:

npm ci

This command installs the necessary packages into the node_modules subdirectory.

Note

Typically, you only need to do this once when you first set up your local environment. However, if dependencies are added or changed, you need to repeat these steps to install and update the respective packages.

5. Set up pre-commit

Bokeh uses pre-commit to help you prevent some common mistakes in your commits.

To set up pre-commit locally, run the following command from the top level of your source checkout directory:

python scripts/hooks/install.py

This configures pre-commit to use two Git hooks that will check your code whenever you push a commit to Bokeh’s GitHub repository:

Codebase tests

git-commit will run Bokeh’s codebase tests to check for codebase quality issues such as whitespaces and imports. This includes testing with Flake8, ESLint, and isort.

Protected branches

git-commit will make sure you don’t accidentally push a commit to Bokeh’s protected branches main and branch-x.y on GitHub.

Note

Depending on your system, running those tests may take several dozen seconds. If any of the tests fail, check the output of your console. In most cases, this is where you will find the necessary information about what you need to change to pass the tests.

To uninstall the Git hooks, run the following command from the top level of your source checkout directory:

python scripts/hooks/uninstall.py

6. Build and install locally

Once you have all the required dependencies installed, the simplest way to build and install Bokeh and BokehJS is to use the setup.py script. This script is located at the top level of the source checkout directory.

The setup.py script has two main modes of operation:

python setup.py develop

Bokeh will be installed to refer to the source directory. Any changes you make to the python source code will be available immediately without any additional steps. This is the recommended mode when working on the Bokeh codebase.

python setup.py install

Bokeh will be installed in your Python site-packages directory. In this mode, any changes to the Python source code will have no effect until you run setup.py install again.

With either mode, Bokeh asks you how to install BokehJS. For example:

python setup.py develop

Bokeh includes a JavaScript library (BokehJS) that has its own
build process. How would you like to handle BokehJS:

1) build and install fresh BokehJS
2) install last built BokehJS from bokeh/bokehjs/build

Choice?

Unless you know what you are doing, you should choose option 1 here. At the very least, you need to build BokehJS the first time you set up your local development environment.

You can skip this prompt by supplying the appropriate command-line option to setup.py. For example:

• python setup.py develop --build-js

• python setup.py develop --install-js

Note

You need to rebuild BokehJS each time the BokehJS source code changes. This can become necessary because you made changes yourself or because you pulled updated code from GitHub.

Occasionally, the list of JavaScript dependencies also changes. If this happens, you will need to re-run the instructions in the 4. Install Node packages section above before rebuilding BokehJS.

In case you update from a development environment based on Bokeh 2.3 or older, you most likely also need to delete the bokehjs/build folder in your local environment before building and installing a fresh BokehJS.

7. Download sample data

Several tests and examples require Bokeh’s sample data to be available on your hard drive. After installing Bokeh, use the following command to download and install the data:

bokeh sampledata

You also have the opportunity to configure the download location or to start the download programmatically. See the Installing sample data section of the first steps guides for more details.

8. Set environment variables

Bokeh uses environment variables to control several aspects of how the different parts of the library operate and interact.

To learn about all environment variables available in Bokeh, see bokeh.settings in the reference guide.

BOKEH_RESOURCES

When working on Bokeh’s codebase, the most important environment variable to be aware of is BOKEH_RESOURCES. This variable controls which version of BokehJS to use.

By default, Bokeh downloads any necessary JavaScript code for BokehJS from a Content Delivery Network (CDN). If you have modified any BokehJS code and built BokehJS locally, you need to change how Bokeh loads those JavaScript resources. You will not see any effects of your local changes to BokehJS unless you configure Bokeh to use your local version of BokehJS instead of the default version from the CDN.

You have the following three options to use your local version of BokehJS:

Use absolute-dev

Set BOKEH_RESOURCES to absolute-dev to load JavaScript resources from the static directory of your locally installed Bokeh library. This way, Bokeh will also use unminified BokehJS resources for improved readability.

Linux/macOSWindows (PS)Windows (CMD)

export BOKEH_RESOURCES=absolute-dev

Use inline

Set BOKEH_RESOURCES to inline to include all necessary local JavaScript resources directly inside the generated HTML file.

Linux/macOSWindows (PS)Windows (CMD)

export BOKEH_RESOURCES=inline

Use server-dev

Set BOKEH_RESOURCES to server-dev to load your local BokehJS through a Bokeh server.

First, start a local server.

Linux/macOSWindows (PS)Windows (CMD)

BOKEH_DEV=true bokeh static

Next, open a new terminal window and set BOKEH_RESOURCES to server-dev.

Linux/macOSWindows (PS)Windows (CMD)

export BOKEH_RESOURCES=server-dev

This way, you have access to more development functions, such as source maps to help debug the original TypeScript instead of the compiled JavaScript.

See Resources for more details.

BOKEH_DEV

There are several other environment variables that are helpful when working on Bokeh’s codebase. The most common settings for local development are combined in the variable BOKEH_DEV.

To enable development settings, set BOKEH_DEV to true:

Linux/macOSWindows (PS)Windows (CMD)

export BOKEH_DEV=true

Setting BOKEH_DEV to true is equivalent to setting all of the following variables individually:

• BOKEH_BROWSER=none

• BOKEH_LOG_LEVEL=debug

• BOKEH_MINIFIED=false

• BOKEH_PRETTY=true

• BOKEH_PY_LOG_LEVEL=debug

• BOKEH_RESOURCES=absolute-dev

This way, Bokeh will use local and unminified BokehJS resources, the default log levels are increased, the generated HTML and JSON code will be more human-readable, and Bokeh will not open a new browser window each time show() is called.

Note

Setting BOKEH_DEV=true enables BOKEH_RESOURCES=absolute-dev, which causes rendering problems when used with Bokeh server or in Jupyter notebooks. To avoid those problems, use the following settings instead:

• Set BOKEH_RESOURCES to server for server

• Set BOKEH_RESOURCES to inline for notebooks

9. Test your local setup

Run the following tests to check that everything is installed and set up correctly:

Test Bokeh core

First, use the following command to test the Bokeh installation:

python -m bokeh info

You should see output similar to:

Python version      :  3.9.6 | packaged by conda-forge | (default, Jul 11 2021, 03:39:48)
IPython version     :  7.25.0
Tornado version     :  6.1
Bokeh version       :  2.4.0dev1+42.g9c3ee2f7e.dirty
BokehJS static path :  /home/user/bokeh/bokeh/server/static
node.js version     :  v15.14.0
npm version         :  7.19.1

Run examples

Next, run some of the standalone examples included with Bokeh.

Make sure the environment variable BOKEH_RESOURCES is set to absolute-dev or inline in order to use your local version of BokehJS. In the source checkout directory, run the following command(s):

Linux/macOSWindows (PS)Windows (CMD)

BOKEH_RESOURCES=inline python examples/plotting/file/marker_map.py

This creates a file marker_map.html locally. When you open this file in a web browser, it should display this visualization:

Run Bokeh Server

Another way to use Bokeh is as a server. Set the environment variable BOKEH_DEV=false and run the bokeh serve command in the source checkout directory:

Linux/macOSWindows (PS)Windows (CMD)

BOKEH_DEV=false python -m bokeh serve --show examples/app/sliders.py

This should open up a browser with an interactive figure:

All the sliders allow interactive control of the sine wave, with each update redrawing the line with the new parameters. The --show option opens a web browser. The default URL for the Bokeh server is localhost:5006.

Troubleshooting

Updating an existing development environment does not always work as expected. Make sure your conda environment, Node packages, and local build are up to date.

If you keep getting errors after updating an older environment, use conda remove --name bkdev --all, delete your local bokeh folder, and reinstall your development environment, following the steps in this guide from the beginning.

For more information on running and installing Bokeh, check the additional resources available to contributors. Please feel free to ask at the Bokeh Discourse or Bokeh’s contributor Slack.

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