''' Provide Python descriptors for delegating to Bokeh properties.
The Python `descriptor protocol`_ allows fine-grained control over all
attribute access on instances ("You control the dot"). Bokeh uses the
descriptor protocol to provide easy-to-use, declarative, type-based
class properties that can automatically validate and serialize their
values, as well as help provide sophisticated documentation.
A Bokeh property really consist of two parts: a familar "property"
portion, such as ``Int``, ``String``, etc., as well as an associated
Python descriptor that delegates attribute access to the property instance.
For example, a very simplified definition of a range-like object might
be:
.. code-block:: python
from bokeh.model import Model
from bokeh.core.properties import Float
class Range(Model):
start = Float(help="start point")
end = Float(help="end point")
When this class is created, the ``MetaHasProps`` metaclass wires up both
the ``start`` and ``end`` attributes to a ``Float`` property. Then, when
a user accesses those attributes, the descriptor delegates all get and
set operations to the ``Float`` property.
.. code-block:: python
rng = Range()
# The descriptor __set__ method delegates to Float, which can validate
# the value 10.3 as a valid floating point value
rng.start = 10.3
# But can raise a validation exception if an attempt to set to a list
# is made
rnd.end = [1,2,3] # ValueError !
More sophisticated properties such as ``DataSpec`` and its subclasses can
exert control over how values are serialized. Consider this example with
the ``Circle`` glyph and its ``x`` attribute that is a ``NumberSpec``:
.. code-block:: python
from bokeh.models import Circle
c = Circle()
c.x = 10 # serializes to {'value': 10}
c.x = 'foo' # serializes to {'field': 'foo'}
There are many other examples like this throughout Bokeh. In this way users
may operate simply and naturally, and not be concerned with the low-level
details around validation, serialization, and documentation.
This module provides the class |PropertyDescriptor| and various subclasses
that can be used to attach Bokeh properties to Bokeh models.
.. note::
These classes form part of the very low-level machinery that implements
the Bokeh model and property system. It is unlikely that any of these
classes or their methods will be applicable to any standard usage or to
anyone who is not directly developing on Bokeh's own infrastructure.
.. _descriptor protocol: https://docs.python.org/3/howto/descriptor.html
'''
from __future__ import absolute_import
from copy import copy
from six import string_types
from .containers import PropertyValueContainer
[docs]class PropertyDescriptor(object):
''' Base class for a python descriptor that delegates access for a named
attribute to a Bokeh |Property| instance.
'''
[docs] def __init__(self, name):
''' Create a descriptor for a hooking up a named Bokeh property
as an attribute on a |HasProps| class.
Args:
name (str) : the attribute name that this descriptor is for
'''
self.name = name
[docs] def __str__(self):
''' Basic string representation of ``PropertyDescriptor``.
**Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.**
'''
return "PropertyDescriptor(%s)" % (self.name)
[docs] def __get__(self, obj, owner):
''' Implement the getter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_.
Args:
obj (HasProps or None) :
The instance to set a new property value on (for instance
attribute access), or None (for class attribute access)
owner (obj) :
The new value to set the property to
Returns:
None
Raises:
NotImplementedError
**Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.**
'''
raise NotImplementedError("Implement __get__")
[docs] def __set__(self, obj, value, setter=None):
''' Implement the setter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_.
.. note::
An optional argument ``setter`` has been added to the standard
setter arguments. When needed, this value should be provided by
explicitly invoking ``__set__``. See below for more information.
Args:
obj (HasProps) :
The instance to set a new property value on
value (obj) :
The new value to set the property to
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) :
This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps.
(default: None)
In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates
to properties will be annotated with the session that is
doing the updating. This value is propagated through any
subsequent change notifications that the update triggers.
The session can compare the event setter to itself, and
suppress any updates that originate from itself.
Returns:
None
Raises:
NotImplementedError
**Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.**
'''
raise NotImplementedError("Implement __set__")
[docs] def __delete__(self, obj):
''' Implement the deleter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_.
Args:
obj (HasProps) : An instance to delete this property from
Raises:
NotImplementedError
**Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.**
'''
raise NotImplementedError("Implement __delete__")
# This would probably be cleaner with some form of multiple dispatch
# on (descriptor, property). Currently this method has to know about
# various other classes, and that is annoying.
[docs] def add_prop_descriptor_to_class(self, class_name, new_class_attrs, names_with_refs, container_names, dataspecs):
''' ``MetaHasProps`` calls this during class creation as it iterates
over properties to add, to update its registry of new properties.
The parameters passed in are mutable and this function is expected to
update them accordingly.
Args:
class_name (str) :
name of the class this descriptor is added to
new_class_attrs(dict[str, PropertyDescriptor]) :
mapping of attribute names to PropertyDescriptor that this
function will update
names_with_refs (set[str]) :
set of all property names for properties that also have
references, that this function will update
container_names (set[str]) :
set of all property names for properties that are
container props, that this function will update
dataspecs(dict[str, PropertyDescriptor]) :
mapping of attribute names to PropertyDescriptor for DataSpec
properties that this function will update
Return:
None
'''
from ..properties import DataSpec, ContainerProperty
name = self.name
if name in new_class_attrs:
raise RuntimeError("Two property generators both created %s.%s" % (class_name, name))
new_class_attrs[name] = self
if self.has_ref:
names_with_refs.add(name)
if isinstance(self, BasicPropertyDescriptor):
if isinstance(self.property, ContainerProperty):
container_names.add(name)
if isinstance(self.property, DataSpec):
dataspecs[name] = self
[docs] def class_default(self, cls):
''' The default as computed for a certain class, ignoring any
per-instance theming.
Raises:
NotImplementedError
**Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.**
'''
raise NotImplementedError("Implement class_default()")
[docs] def serializable_value(self, obj):
''' Produce the value as it should be serialized.
Sometimes it is desirable for the serialized value to differ from
the ``__get__`` in order for the ``__get__`` value to appear simpler
for user or developer convenience.
Args:
obj (HasProps) : the object to get the serialized attribute for
Returns:
JSON-like
'''
value = self.__get__(obj, obj.__class__)
return self.property.serialize_value(value)
[docs] def set_from_json(self, obj, json, models, setter=None):
'''Sets the value of this property from a JSON value.
Args:
obj: (HasProps) : instance to set the property value on
json: (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) :
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)
This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also
have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) :
This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps.
(default: None)
In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates
to properties will be annotated with the session that is
doing the updating. This value is propagated through any
subsequent change notifications that the update triggers.
The session can compare the event setter to itself, and
suppress any updates that originate from itself.
Returns:
None
'''
self._internal_set(obj, json, setter)
[docs] def trigger_if_changed(self, obj, old):
''' Send a change event notification if the property is set to a
value is not equal to ``old``.
Args:
obj (HasProps)
The object the property is being set on.
old (obj) :
The previous value of the property to compare
Raises:
NotImplementedError
**Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.**
'''
raise NotImplementedError("Implement trigger_if_changed()")
@property
def has_ref(self):
''' Whether the property can refer to another ``HasProps`` instance.
This is typically True for container properties, ``Instance``, etc.
Raises:
NotImplementedError
**Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.**
'''
raise NotImplementedError("Implement has_ref()")
@property
def readonly(self):
''' Whether this property is read-only.
Read-only properties may only be modified by the client (i.e., by
BokehJS, in the browser). Read only properties are useful for
quantities that originate or that can only be computed in the
browser, for instance the "inner" plot dimension of a plot area,
which depend on the current layout state. It is useful for Python
callbacks to be able to know these values, but they can only be
computed in the actual browser.
Raises:
NotImplementedError
**Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.**
'''
raise NotImplementedError("Implement readonly()")
@property
def serialized(self):
''' Whether the property should be serialized when serializing
an object.
This would be False for a "virtual" or "convenience" property that
duplicates information already available in other properties, for
example.
Raises:
NotImplementedError
**Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.**
'''
raise NotImplementedError("Implement serialized()")
def _internal_set(self, obj, value, setter=None):
''' Internal implementation to set property values, that is used
by __set__, set_from_json, etc.
Args:
obj (HasProps)
The object the property is being set on.
old (obj) :
The previous value of the property to compare
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) :
This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps.
(default: None)
In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates
to properties will be annotated with the session that is
doing the updating. This value is propagated through any
subsequent change notifications that the update triggers.
The session can compare the event setter to itself, and
suppress any updates that originate from itself.
Raises:
NotImplementedError
**Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.**
'''
raise NotImplementedError("Implement _internal_set()")
[docs]class BasicPropertyDescriptor(PropertyDescriptor):
''' A PropertyDescriptor for basic Bokeh properties (e.g, ``Int``,
``String``, ``Float``, etc.) with simple get/set and serialization
behavior.
'''
[docs] def __init__(self, name, property):
''' Create a PropertyDescriptor for basic Bokeh properties.
Args:
name (str) : The attribute name that this property is for
property (Property) : A basic property to create a descriptor for
'''
super(BasicPropertyDescriptor, self).__init__(name)
self.property = property
self.__doc__ = self.property.__doc__
[docs] def __str__(self):
''' Basic string representation of ``BasicPropertyDescriptor``.
Delegates to ``self.property.__str__``
'''
return "%s" % self.property
[docs] def __get__(self, obj, owner):
''' Implement the getter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_.
For instance attribute access, we delegate to the |Property|. For
class attribute access, we return ourself.
Args:
obj (HasProps or None) :
The instance to set a new property value on (for instance
attribute access), or None (for class attribute access)
owner (obj) :
The new value to set the property to
Returns:
None
Examples:
.. code-block:: python
>>> from bokeh.models import Range1d
>>> r = Range1d(start=10, end=20)
# instance attribute access, returns the property value
>>> r.start
10
# class attribute access, returns the property descriptor
>>> Range1d.start
<bokeh.core.property.descriptors.BasicPropertyDescriptor at 0x1148b3390>
'''
if obj is not None:
return self._get(obj)
elif owner is not None:
return self
else:
# This should really never happen. If it does, it means we've
# called __get__ explicitly but in a bad way.
raise ValueError("both 'obj' and 'owner' are None, don't know what to do")
[docs] def __set__(self, obj, value, setter=None):
''' Implement the setter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_.
.. note::
An optional argument ``setter`` has been added to the standard
setter arguments. When needed, this value should be provided by
explicitly invoking ``__set__``. See below for more information.
Args:
obj (HasProps) :
The instance to set a new property value on
value (obj) :
The new value to set the property to
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) :
This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps.
(default: None)
In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates
to properties will be annotated with the session that is
doing the updating. This value is propagated through any
subsequent change notifications that the update triggers.
The session can compare the event setter to itself, and
suppress any updates that originate from itself.
Returns:
None
'''
if not hasattr(obj, '_property_values'):
# Initial values should be passed in to __init__, not set directly
raise RuntimeError("Cannot set a property value '%s' on a %s instance before HasProps.__init__" %
(self.name, obj.__class__.__name__))
if self.property._readonly:
raise RuntimeError("%s.%s is a readonly property" % (obj.__class__.__name__, self.name))
self._internal_set(obj, value, setter)
[docs] def __delete__(self, obj):
''' Implement the deleter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_.
Args:
obj (HasProps) : An instance to delete this property from
'''
if self.name in obj._property_values:
del obj._property_values[self.name]
[docs] def class_default(self, cls):
''' Get the default value for a specific subtype of ``HasProps``,
which may not be used for an individual instance.
Args:
cls (class) : The class to get the default value for.
Returns:
object
'''
return self.property.themed_default(cls, self.name, None)
[docs] def instance_default(self, obj):
''' Get the default value that will be used for a specific instance.
Args:
obj (HasProps) : The instance to get the default value for.
Returns:
object
'''
return self.property.themed_default(obj.__class__, self.name, obj.themed_values())
[docs] def set_from_json(self, obj, json, models=None, setter=None):
''' Sets the value of this property from a JSON value.
This method first
Args:
obj (HasProps) :
json (JSON) :
models(seq[Model], optional) :
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) :
This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps.
(default: None)
In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates
to properties will be annotated with the session that is
doing the updating. This value is propagated through any
subsequent change notifications that the update triggers.
The session can compare the event setter to itself, and
suppress any updates that originate from itself.
Returns:
None
'''
return super(BasicPropertyDescriptor, self).set_from_json(obj,
self.property.from_json(json, models),
models, setter)
[docs] def trigger_if_changed(self, obj, old):
''' Send a change event notification if the property is set to a
value is not equal to ``old``.
Args:
obj (HasProps)
The object the property is being set on.
old (obj) :
The previous value of the property to compare
Returns:
None
'''
new_value = self.__get__(obj, obj.__class__)
if not self.property.matches(old, new_value):
self._trigger(obj, old, new_value)
@property
def has_ref(self):
''' Whether the property can refer to another ``HasProps`` instance.
For basic properties, delegate to the ``has_ref`` attribute on the
|Property|.
'''
return self.property.has_ref
@property
def readonly(self):
''' Whether this property is read-only.
Read-only properties may only be modified by the client (i.e., by BokehJS
in the browser).
'''
return self.property.readonly
@property
def serialized(self):
''' Whether the property should be serialized when serializing an
object.
This would be False for a "virtual" or "convenience" property that
duplicates information already available in other properties, for
example.
'''
return self.property.serialized
def _get(self, obj):
''' Internal implementation of instance attribute access for the
``BasicPropertyDescriptor`` getter.
If the value has not been explicitly set by a user, return that
value. Otherwise, return the default.
Args:
obj (HasProps) : the instance to get a value of this property for
Returns:
object
Raises:
RuntimeError
If the |HasProps| instance has not yet been initialized, or if
this descriptor is on a class that is not a |HasProps|.
'''
if not hasattr(obj, '_property_values'):
raise RuntimeError("Cannot get a property value '%s' from a %s instance before HasProps.__init__" %
(self.name, obj.__class__.__name__))
if self.name not in obj._property_values:
return self._get_default(obj)
else:
return obj._property_values[self.name]
def _get_default(self, obj):
''' Internal implementation of instance attribute access for default
values.
Handles bookeeping around |PropertyContainer| value, etc.
'''
if self.name in obj._property_values:
# this shouldn't happen because we should have checked before _get_default()
raise RuntimeError("Bokeh internal error, does not handle the case of self.name already in _property_values")
# merely getting a default may force us to put it in
# _property_values if we need to wrap the container, if
# the default is a Model that may change out from
# underneath us, or if the default is generated anew each
# time by a function.
default = self.instance_default(obj)
if not self.property._has_stable_default():
if isinstance(default, PropertyValueContainer):
# this is a special-case so we can avoid returning the container
# as a non-default or application-overridden value, when
# it has not been modified.
default._unmodified_default_value = True
default._register_owner(obj, self)
obj._property_values[self.name] = default
return default
def _internal_set(self, obj, value, setter=None):
''' Internal implementation to set property values, that is used
by __set__, set_from_json, etc.
Delegate to the |Property| instance to prepare the value appropriately,
then `set.
Args:
obj (HasProps)
The object the property is being set on.
old (obj) :
The previous value of the property to compare
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) :
This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps.
(default: None)
In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates
to properties will be annotated with the session that is
doing the updating. This value is propagated through any
subsequent change notifications that the update triggers.
The session can compare the event setter to itself, and
suppress any updates that originate from itself.
Returns:
None
'''
value = self.property.prepare_value(obj, self.name, value)
old = self.__get__(obj, obj.__class__)
self._real_set(obj, old, value, setter=setter)
def _real_set(self, obj, old, value, hint=None, setter=None):
''' Internal implementation helper to set property values.
This function handles bookkeeping around noting whether values have
been explicitly set, or setting up |PropertyContainer| wrappers when
values are containers, etc.
Args:
obj (HasProps)
The object the property is being set on.
old (obj) :
The previous value of the property to compare
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) :
This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps.
(default: None)
In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates
to properties will be annotated with the session that is
doing the updating. This value is propagated through any
subsequent change notifications that the update triggers.
The session can compare the event setter to itself, and
suppress any updates that originate from itself.
Returns:
None
'''
# As of Bokeh 0.11.1, all hinted events modify in place. However this
# may need refining later if this assumption changes.
unchanged = self.property.matches(value, old) and (hint is None)
if unchanged:
return
was_set = self.name in obj._property_values
# "old" is the logical old value, but it may not be
# the actual current attribute value if our value
# was mutated behind our back and we got _notify_mutated.
if was_set:
old_attr_value = obj._property_values[self.name]
else:
old_attr_value = old
if old_attr_value is not value:
if isinstance(old_attr_value, PropertyValueContainer):
old_attr_value._unregister_owner(obj, self)
if isinstance(value, PropertyValueContainer):
value._register_owner(obj, self)
obj._property_values[self.name] = value
# for notification purposes, "old" should be the logical old
self._trigger(obj, old, value, hint, setter)
# called when a container is mutated "behind our back" and
# we detect it with our collection wrappers.
def _notify_mutated(self, obj, old, hint=None):
''' A method to call when a container is mutated "behind our back"
and we detect it with our |PropertyContainer| wrappers.
Args:
obj (HasProps) :
The object who's container value was mutated
old (object) :
The "old" value of the container
In this case, somewhat weirdly, ``old`` is a copy and the
new value should already be set unless we change it due to
validation.
hint (event hint or None, optional)
An optional update event hint, e.g. ``ColumnStreamedEvent``
(default: None)
Update event hints are usually used at times when better
update performance can be obtained by special-casing in
some way (e.g. streaming or patching column data sources)
Returns:
None
'''
value = self.__get__(obj, obj.__class__)
# re-validate because the contents of 'old' have changed,
# in some cases this could give us a new object for the value
value = self.property.prepare_value(obj, self.name, value)
self._real_set(obj, old, value, hint)
def _trigger(self, obj, old, value, hint=None, setter=None):
''' Unconditionally send a change event notification for the property.
Args:
obj (HasProps)
The object the property is being set on.
old (obj) :
The previous value of the property
new (obj) :
The new value of the property
hint (event hint or None, optional)
An optional update event hint, e.g. ``ColumnStreamedEvent``
(default: None)
Update event hints are usually used at times when better
update performance can be obtained by special-casing in
some way (e.g. streaming or patching column data sources)
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) :
This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps.
(default: None)
In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates
to properties will be annotated with the session that is
doing the updating. This value is propagated through any
subsequent change notifications that the update triggers.
The session can compare the event setter to itself, and
suppress any updates that originate from itself.
Returns:
None
'''
if hasattr(obj, 'trigger'):
obj.trigger(self.name, old, value, hint, setter)
[docs]class DataSpecPropertyDescriptor(BasicPropertyDescriptor):
''' A PropertyDescriptor for Bokeh |DataSpec| properties that serialize to
field/value dictionaries.
'''
[docs] def serializable_value(self, obj):
'''
'''
return self.property.to_serializable(obj, self.name, getattr(obj, self.name))
[docs] def set_from_json(self, obj, json, models=None, setter=None):
''' Sets the value of this property from a JSON value.
This method first
Args:
obj (HasProps) :
json (JSON) :
models(seq[Model], optional) :
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) :
This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps.
(default: None)
In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates
to properties will be annotated with the session that is
doing the updating. This value is propagated through any
subsequent change notifications that the update triggers.
The session can compare the event setter to itself, and
suppress any updates that originate from itself.
Returns:
None
'''
if isinstance(json, dict):
# we want to try to keep the "format" of the data spec as string, dict, or number,
# assuming the serialized dict is compatible with that.
old = getattr(obj, self.name)
if old is not None:
try:
self.property._type.validate(old)
if 'value' in json:
json = json['value']
except ValueError:
if isinstance(old, string_types) and 'field' in json:
json = json['field']
# leave it as a dict if 'old' was a dict
super(DataSpecPropertyDescriptor, self).set_from_json(obj, json, models, setter)
[docs]class UnitsSpecPropertyDescriptor(DataSpecPropertyDescriptor):
''' A PropertyDecscriptor for Bokeh |UnitsSpec| properties that contribute
associated ``_units`` properties automatically as a side effect.
'''
[docs] def __init__(self, name, property, units_property):
'''
Args:
name (str) :
The attribute name that this property is for
property (Property) :
A basic property to create a descriptor for
units_property (Property) :
An associated property to hold units information
'''
super(UnitsSpecPropertyDescriptor, self).__init__(name, property)
self.units_prop = units_property
[docs] def __set__(self, obj, value, setter=None):
''' Implement the setter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_.
This method first separately extracts and removes any ``units`` field
in the JSON, and sets the associated units property directly. The
remaining value is then passed to the superclass ``__set__`` to
be handled.
.. note::
An optional argument ``setter`` has been added to the standard
setter arguments. When needed, this value should be provided by
explicitly invoking ``__set__``. See below for more information.
Args:
obj (HasProps) :
The instance to set a new property value on
value (obj) :
The new value to set the property to
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) :
This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps.
(default: None)
In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates
to properties will be annotated with the session that is
doing the updating. This value is propagated through any
subsequent change notifications that the update triggers.
The session can compare the event setter to itself, and
suppress any updates that originate from itself.
Returns:
None
'''
value = self._extract_units(obj, value)
super(UnitsSpecPropertyDescriptor, self).__set__(obj, value, setter)
[docs] def set_from_json(self, obj, json, models=None, setter=None):
''' Sets the value of this property from a JSON value.
This method first separately extracts and removes any ``units`` field
in the JSON, and sets the associated units property directly. The
remaining JSON is then passed to the superclass ``set_from_json`` to
be handled.
Args:
obj: (HasProps) : instance to set the property value on
json: (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) :
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)
This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also
have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) :
This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps.
(default: None)
In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates
to properties will be annotated with the session that is
doing the updating. This value is propagated through any
subsequent change notifications that the update triggers.
The session can compare the event setter to itself, and
suppress any updates that originate from itself.
Returns:
None
'''
json = self._extract_units(obj, json)
super(UnitsSpecPropertyDescriptor, self).set_from_json(obj, json, models, setter)
def _extract_units(self, obj, value):
''' Internal helper for dealing with units associated units properties
when setting values on |UnitsSpec| properties.
When ``value`` is a dict, this function may mutate the value of the
associated units property.
Args:
obj (HasProps) : instance to update units spec property value for
value (obj) : new value to set for the property
Returns:
copy of ``value``, with 'units' key and value removed when
applicable
'''
if isinstance(value, dict):
if 'units' in value:
value = copy(value) # so we can modify it
units = value.pop("units", None)
if units:
self.units_prop.__set__(obj, units)
return value
