Source code for bokeh.core.property.descriptors

''' Provide Python descriptors for delegating to Bokeh properties.

The Python `descriptor protocol`_ allows fine-grained control over all
attribute access on instances ("You control the dot"). Bokeh uses the
descriptor protocol to provide easy-to-use, declarative, type-based
class properties that can automatically validate and serialize their
values, as well as help provide sophisticated documentation.

A Bokeh property really consist of two parts: a familar "property"
portion, such as ``Int``, ``String``, etc., as well as an associated
Python descriptor that delegates attribute access to the property instance.

For example, a very simplified definition of a range-like object might
be:

.. code-block:: python

    from bokeh.model import Model
    from bokeh.core.properties import Float

    class Range(Model):
        start = Float(help="start point")
        end   = Float(help="end point")

When this class is created, the ``MetaHasProps`` metaclass wires up both
the ``start`` and ``end`` attributes to a ``Float`` property. Then, when
a user accesses those attributes, the descriptor delegates all get and
set operations to the ``Float`` property.

.. code-block:: python

    rng = Range()

    # The descriptor __set__ method delegates to Float, which can validate
    # the value 10.3 as a valid floating point value
    rng.start = 10.3

    # But can raise a validation exception if an attempt to set to a list
    # is made
    rnd.end = [1,2,3]   # ValueError !

More sophisticated properties such as ``DataSpec`` and its subclasses can
exert control over how values are serialized. Consider this example with
the ``Circle`` glyph and its ``x`` attribute that is a ``NumberSpec``:

.. code-block:: python

    from bokeh.models import Circle

    c = Circle()

    c.x = 10      # serializes to {'value': 10}

    c.x = 'foo'   # serializes to {'field': 'foo'}

There are many other examples like this throughout Bokeh. In this way users
may operate simply and naturally, and not be concerned with the low-level
details around validation, serialization, and documentation.

This module provides the class |PropertyDescriptor| and various subclasses
that can be used to attach Bokeh properties to Bokeh models.

.. note::
    These classes form part of the very low-level machinery that implements
    the Bokeh model and property system. It is unlikely that any of these
    classes or their methods will be applicable to any standard usage or to
    anyone who is not directly developing on Bokeh's own infrastructure.

.. _descriptor protocol: https://docs.python.org/3/howto/descriptor.html

'''
from __future__ import absolute_import

from copy import copy

from six import string_types

from .containers import PropertyValueContainer

[docs]class PropertyDescriptor(object): ''' Base class for a python descriptor that delegates access for a named attribute to a Bokeh |Property| instance. '''
[docs] def __init__(self, name): ''' Create a descriptor for a hooking up a named Bokeh property as an attribute on a |HasProps| class. Args: name (str) : the attribute name that this descriptor is for ''' self.name = name
[docs] def __str__(self): ''' Basic string representation of ``PropertyDescriptor``. **Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.** ''' return "PropertyDescriptor(%s)" % (self.name)
[docs] def __get__(self, obj, owner): ''' Implement the getter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_. Args: obj (HasProps or None) : The instance to set a new property value on (for instance attribute access), or None (for class attribute access) owner (obj) : The new value to set the property to Returns: None Raises: NotImplementedError **Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.** ''' raise NotImplementedError("Implement __get__")
[docs] def __set__(self, obj, value, setter=None): ''' Implement the setter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_. .. note:: An optional argument ``setter`` has been added to the standard setter arguments. When needed, this value should be provided by explicitly invoking ``__set__``. See below for more information. Args: obj (HasProps) : The instance to set a new property value on value (obj) : The new value to set the property to setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) : This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps. (default: None) In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself. Returns: None Raises: NotImplementedError **Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.** ''' raise NotImplementedError("Implement __set__")
[docs] def __delete__(self, obj): ''' Implement the deleter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_. Args: obj (HasProps) : An instance to delete this property from Raises: NotImplementedError **Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.** ''' raise NotImplementedError("Implement __delete__")
# This would probably be cleaner with some form of multiple dispatch # on (descriptor, property). Currently this method has to know about # various other classes, and that is annoying.
[docs] def add_prop_descriptor_to_class(self, class_name, new_class_attrs, names_with_refs, container_names, dataspecs): ''' ``MetaHasProps`` calls this during class creation as it iterates over properties to add, to update its registry of new properties. The parameters passed in are mutable and this function is expected to update them accordingly. Args: class_name (str) : name of the class this descriptor is added to new_class_attrs(dict[str, PropertyDescriptor]) : mapping of attribute names to PropertyDescriptor that this function will update names_with_refs (set[str]) : set of all property names for properties that also have references, that this function will update container_names (set[str]) : set of all property names for properties that are container props, that this function will update dataspecs(dict[str, PropertyDescriptor]) : mapping of attribute names to PropertyDescriptor for DataSpec properties that this function will update Return: None ''' from ..properties import DataSpec, ContainerProperty name = self.name if name in new_class_attrs: raise RuntimeError("Two property generators both created %s.%s" % (class_name, name)) new_class_attrs[name] = self if self.has_ref: names_with_refs.add(name) if isinstance(self, BasicPropertyDescriptor): if isinstance(self.property, ContainerProperty): container_names.add(name) if isinstance(self.property, DataSpec): dataspecs[name] = self
[docs] def class_default(self, cls): ''' The default as computed for a certain class, ignoring any per-instance theming. Raises: NotImplementedError **Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.** ''' raise NotImplementedError("Implement class_default()")
[docs] def serializable_value(self, obj): ''' Produce the value as it should be serialized. Sometimes it is desirable for the serialized value to differ from the ``__get__`` in order for the ``__get__`` value to appear simpler for user or developer convenience. Args: obj (HasProps) : the object to get the serialized attribute for Returns: JSON-like ''' value = self.__get__(obj, obj.__class__) return self.property.serialize_value(value)
[docs] def set_from_json(self, obj, json, models, setter=None): '''Sets the value of this property from a JSON value. Args: obj: (HasProps) : instance to set the property value on json: (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to models (dict or None, optional) : Mapping of model ids to models (default: None) This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references. setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) : This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps. (default: None) In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself. Returns: None ''' self._internal_set(obj, json, setter)
[docs] def trigger_if_changed(self, obj, old): ''' Send a change event notification if the property is set to a value is not equal to ``old``. Args: obj (HasProps) The object the property is being set on. old (obj) : The previous value of the property to compare Raises: NotImplementedError **Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.** ''' raise NotImplementedError("Implement trigger_if_changed()")
@property def has_ref(self): ''' Whether the property can refer to another ``HasProps`` instance. This is typically True for container properties, ``Instance``, etc. Raises: NotImplementedError **Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.** ''' raise NotImplementedError("Implement has_ref()") @property def readonly(self): ''' Whether this property is read-only. Read-only properties may only be modified by the client (i.e., by BokehJS, in the browser). Read only properties are useful for quantities that originate or that can only be computed in the browser, for instance the "inner" plot dimension of a plot area, which depend on the current layout state. It is useful for Python callbacks to be able to know these values, but they can only be computed in the actual browser. Raises: NotImplementedError **Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.** ''' raise NotImplementedError("Implement readonly()") @property def serialized(self): ''' Whether the property should be serialized when serializing an object. This would be False for a "virtual" or "convenience" property that duplicates information already available in other properties, for example. Raises: NotImplementedError **Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.** ''' raise NotImplementedError("Implement serialized()") def _internal_set(self, obj, value, setter=None): ''' Internal implementation to set property values, that is used by __set__, set_from_json, etc. Args: obj (HasProps) The object the property is being set on. old (obj) : The previous value of the property to compare setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) : This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps. (default: None) In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself. Raises: NotImplementedError **Subclasses must implement this to serve their specific needs.** ''' raise NotImplementedError("Implement _internal_set()")
[docs]class BasicPropertyDescriptor(PropertyDescriptor): ''' A PropertyDescriptor for basic Bokeh properties (e.g, ``Int``, ``String``, ``Float``, etc.) with simple get/set and serialization behavior. '''
[docs] def __init__(self, name, property): ''' Create a PropertyDescriptor for basic Bokeh properties. Args: name (str) : The attribute name that this property is for property (Property) : A basic property to create a descriptor for ''' super(BasicPropertyDescriptor, self).__init__(name) self.property = property self.__doc__ = self.property.__doc__
[docs] def __str__(self): ''' Basic string representation of ``BasicPropertyDescriptor``. Delegates to ``self.property.__str__`` ''' return "%s" % self.property
[docs] def __get__(self, obj, owner): ''' Implement the getter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_. For instance attribute access, we delegate to the |Property|. For class attribute access, we return ourself. Args: obj (HasProps or None) : The instance to set a new property value on (for instance attribute access), or None (for class attribute access) owner (obj) : The new value to set the property to Returns: None Examples: .. code-block:: python >>> from bokeh.models import Range1d >>> r = Range1d(start=10, end=20) # instance attribute access, returns the property value >>> r.start 10 # class attribute access, returns the property descriptor >>> Range1d.start <bokeh.core.property.descriptors.BasicPropertyDescriptor at 0x1148b3390> ''' if obj is not None: return self._get(obj) elif owner is not None: return self else: # This should really never happen. If it does, it means we've # called __get__ explicitly but in a bad way. raise ValueError("both 'obj' and 'owner' are None, don't know what to do")
[docs] def __set__(self, obj, value, setter=None): ''' Implement the setter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_. .. note:: An optional argument ``setter`` has been added to the standard setter arguments. When needed, this value should be provided by explicitly invoking ``__set__``. See below for more information. Args: obj (HasProps) : The instance to set a new property value on value (obj) : The new value to set the property to setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) : This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps. (default: None) In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself. Returns: None ''' if not hasattr(obj, '_property_values'): # Initial values should be passed in to __init__, not set directly raise RuntimeError("Cannot set a property value '%s' on a %s instance before HasProps.__init__" % (self.name, obj.__class__.__name__)) if self.property._readonly: raise RuntimeError("%s.%s is a readonly property" % (obj.__class__.__name__, self.name)) self._internal_set(obj, value, setter)
[docs] def __delete__(self, obj): ''' Implement the deleter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_. Args: obj (HasProps) : An instance to delete this property from ''' if self.name in obj._property_values: del obj._property_values[self.name]
[docs] def class_default(self, cls): ''' Get the default value for a specific subtype of ``HasProps``, which may not be used for an individual instance. Args: cls (class) : The class to get the default value for. Returns: object ''' return self.property.themed_default(cls, self.name, None)
[docs] def instance_default(self, obj): ''' Get the default value that will be used for a specific instance. Args: obj (HasProps) : The instance to get the default value for. Returns: object ''' return self.property.themed_default(obj.__class__, self.name, obj.themed_values())
[docs] def set_from_json(self, obj, json, models=None, setter=None): ''' Sets the value of this property from a JSON value. This method first Args: obj (HasProps) : json (JSON) : models(seq[Model], optional) : setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) : This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps. (default: None) In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself. Returns: None ''' return super(BasicPropertyDescriptor, self).set_from_json(obj, self.property.from_json(json, models), models, setter)
[docs] def trigger_if_changed(self, obj, old): ''' Send a change event notification if the property is set to a value is not equal to ``old``. Args: obj (HasProps) The object the property is being set on. old (obj) : The previous value of the property to compare Returns: None ''' new_value = self.__get__(obj, obj.__class__) if not self.property.matches(old, new_value): self._trigger(obj, old, new_value)
@property def has_ref(self): ''' Whether the property can refer to another ``HasProps`` instance. For basic properties, delegate to the ``has_ref`` attribute on the |Property|. ''' return self.property.has_ref @property def readonly(self): ''' Whether this property is read-only. Read-only properties may only be modified by the client (i.e., by BokehJS in the browser). ''' return self.property.readonly @property def serialized(self): ''' Whether the property should be serialized when serializing an object. This would be False for a "virtual" or "convenience" property that duplicates information already available in other properties, for example. ''' return self.property.serialized def _get(self, obj): ''' Internal implementation of instance attribute access for the ``BasicPropertyDescriptor`` getter. If the value has not been explicitly set by a user, return that value. Otherwise, return the default. Args: obj (HasProps) : the instance to get a value of this property for Returns: object Raises: RuntimeError If the |HasProps| instance has not yet been initialized, or if this descriptor is on a class that is not a |HasProps|. ''' if not hasattr(obj, '_property_values'): raise RuntimeError("Cannot get a property value '%s' from a %s instance before HasProps.__init__" % (self.name, obj.__class__.__name__)) if self.name not in obj._property_values: return self._get_default(obj) else: return obj._property_values[self.name] def _get_default(self, obj): ''' Internal implementation of instance attribute access for default values. Handles bookeeping around |PropertyContainer| value, etc. ''' if self.name in obj._property_values: # this shouldn't happen because we should have checked before _get_default() raise RuntimeError("Bokeh internal error, does not handle the case of self.name already in _property_values") # merely getting a default may force us to put it in # _property_values if we need to wrap the container, if # the default is a Model that may change out from # underneath us, or if the default is generated anew each # time by a function. default = self.instance_default(obj) if not self.property._has_stable_default(): if isinstance(default, PropertyValueContainer): # this is a special-case so we can avoid returning the container # as a non-default or application-overridden value, when # it has not been modified. default._unmodified_default_value = True default._register_owner(obj, self) obj._property_values[self.name] = default return default def _internal_set(self, obj, value, setter=None): ''' Internal implementation to set property values, that is used by __set__, set_from_json, etc. Delegate to the |Property| instance to prepare the value appropriately, then `set. Args: obj (HasProps) The object the property is being set on. old (obj) : The previous value of the property to compare setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) : This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps. (default: None) In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself. Returns: None ''' value = self.property.prepare_value(obj, self.name, value) old = self.__get__(obj, obj.__class__) self._real_set(obj, old, value, setter=setter) def _real_set(self, obj, old, value, hint=None, setter=None): ''' Internal implementation helper to set property values. This function handles bookkeeping around noting whether values have been explicitly set, or setting up |PropertyContainer| wrappers when values are containers, etc. Args: obj (HasProps) The object the property is being set on. old (obj) : The previous value of the property to compare setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) : This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps. (default: None) In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself. Returns: None ''' # As of Bokeh 0.11.1, all hinted events modify in place. However this # may need refining later if this assumption changes. unchanged = self.property.matches(value, old) and (hint is None) if unchanged: return was_set = self.name in obj._property_values # "old" is the logical old value, but it may not be # the actual current attribute value if our value # was mutated behind our back and we got _notify_mutated. if was_set: old_attr_value = obj._property_values[self.name] else: old_attr_value = old if old_attr_value is not value: if isinstance(old_attr_value, PropertyValueContainer): old_attr_value._unregister_owner(obj, self) if isinstance(value, PropertyValueContainer): value._register_owner(obj, self) obj._property_values[self.name] = value # for notification purposes, "old" should be the logical old self._trigger(obj, old, value, hint, setter) # called when a container is mutated "behind our back" and # we detect it with our collection wrappers. def _notify_mutated(self, obj, old, hint=None): ''' A method to call when a container is mutated "behind our back" and we detect it with our |PropertyContainer| wrappers. Args: obj (HasProps) : The object who's container value was mutated old (object) : The "old" value of the container In this case, somewhat weirdly, ``old`` is a copy and the new value should already be set unless we change it due to validation. hint (event hint or None, optional) An optional update event hint, e.g. ``ColumnStreamedEvent`` (default: None) Update event hints are usually used at times when better update performance can be obtained by special-casing in some way (e.g. streaming or patching column data sources) Returns: None ''' value = self.__get__(obj, obj.__class__) # re-validate because the contents of 'old' have changed, # in some cases this could give us a new object for the value value = self.property.prepare_value(obj, self.name, value) self._real_set(obj, old, value, hint) def _trigger(self, obj, old, value, hint=None, setter=None): ''' Unconditionally send a change event notification for the property. Args: obj (HasProps) The object the property is being set on. old (obj) : The previous value of the property new (obj) : The new value of the property hint (event hint or None, optional) An optional update event hint, e.g. ``ColumnStreamedEvent`` (default: None) Update event hints are usually used at times when better update performance can be obtained by special-casing in some way (e.g. streaming or patching column data sources) setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) : This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps. (default: None) In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself. Returns: None ''' if hasattr(obj, 'trigger'): obj.trigger(self.name, old, value, hint, setter)
[docs]class DataSpecPropertyDescriptor(BasicPropertyDescriptor): ''' A PropertyDescriptor for Bokeh |DataSpec| properties that serialize to field/value dictionaries. '''
[docs] def serializable_value(self, obj): ''' ''' return self.property.to_serializable(obj, self.name, getattr(obj, self.name))
[docs] def set_from_json(self, obj, json, models=None, setter=None): ''' Sets the value of this property from a JSON value. This method first Args: obj (HasProps) : json (JSON) : models(seq[Model], optional) : setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) : This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps. (default: None) In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself. Returns: None ''' if isinstance(json, dict): # we want to try to keep the "format" of the data spec as string, dict, or number, # assuming the serialized dict is compatible with that. old = getattr(obj, self.name) if old is not None: try: self.property._type.validate(old) if 'value' in json: json = json['value'] except ValueError: if isinstance(old, string_types) and 'field' in json: json = json['field'] # leave it as a dict if 'old' was a dict super(DataSpecPropertyDescriptor, self).set_from_json(obj, json, models, setter)
[docs]class UnitsSpecPropertyDescriptor(DataSpecPropertyDescriptor): ''' A PropertyDecscriptor for Bokeh |UnitsSpec| properties that contribute associated ``_units`` properties automatically as a side effect. '''
[docs] def __init__(self, name, property, units_property): ''' Args: name (str) : The attribute name that this property is for property (Property) : A basic property to create a descriptor for units_property (Property) : An associated property to hold units information ''' super(UnitsSpecPropertyDescriptor, self).__init__(name, property) self.units_prop = units_property
[docs] def __set__(self, obj, value, setter=None): ''' Implement the setter for the Python `descriptor protocol`_. This method first separately extracts and removes any ``units`` field in the JSON, and sets the associated units property directly. The remaining value is then passed to the superclass ``__set__`` to be handled. .. note:: An optional argument ``setter`` has been added to the standard setter arguments. When needed, this value should be provided by explicitly invoking ``__set__``. See below for more information. Args: obj (HasProps) : The instance to set a new property value on value (obj) : The new value to set the property to setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) : This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps. (default: None) In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself. Returns: None ''' value = self._extract_units(obj, value) super(UnitsSpecPropertyDescriptor, self).__set__(obj, value, setter)
[docs] def set_from_json(self, obj, json, models=None, setter=None): ''' Sets the value of this property from a JSON value. This method first separately extracts and removes any ``units`` field in the JSON, and sets the associated units property directly. The remaining JSON is then passed to the superclass ``set_from_json`` to be handled. Args: obj: (HasProps) : instance to set the property value on json: (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to models (dict or None, optional) : Mapping of model ids to models (default: None) This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references. setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) : This is used to prevent "boomerang" updates to Bokeh apps. (default: None) In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself. Returns: None ''' json = self._extract_units(obj, json) super(UnitsSpecPropertyDescriptor, self).set_from_json(obj, json, models, setter)
def _extract_units(self, obj, value): ''' Internal helper for dealing with units associated units properties when setting values on |UnitsSpec| properties. When ``value`` is a dict, this function may mutate the value of the associated units property. Args: obj (HasProps) : instance to update units spec property value for value (obj) : new value to set for the property Returns: copy of ``value``, with 'units' key and value removed when applicable ''' if isinstance(value, dict): if 'units' in value: value = copy(value) # so we can modify it units = value.pop("units", None) if units: self.units_prop.__set__(obj, units) return value