annotations<a class="headerlink" href="#module-bokeh.models.annotations" title="Permalink to this headline">¶

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

Arrow¶

class Arrow(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.models.annotations.DataAnnotation

Render arrows as an annotation.

See Arrows for information on plotting arrows.

JSON Prototype

{
  "coordinates": null,
  "end": {
    "id": "13860"
  },
  "end_units": "data",
  "group": null,
  "id": "13859",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "level": "annotation",
  "line_alpha": {
    "value": 1.0
  },
  "line_cap": {
    "value": "butt"
  },
  "line_color": {
    "value": "black"
  },
  "line_dash": {
    "value": []
  },
  "line_dash_offset": {
    "value": 0
  },
  "line_join": {
    "value": "bevel"
  },
  "line_width": {
    "value": 1
  },
  "name": null,
  "source": {
    "id": "13861"
  },
  "start": null,
  "start_units": "data",
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "visible": true,
  "x_end": {
    "field": "x_end"
  },
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "x_start": {
    "field": "x_start"
  },
  "y_end": {
    "field": "y_end"
  },
  "y_range_name": "default",
  "y_start": {
    "field": "y_start"
  }
}

Public Data Attributes:

`x_start`	The x-coordinates to locate the start of the arrows.
`y_start`	The y-coordinates to locate the start of the arrows.
`start_units`	The unit type for the start_x and start_y attributes.
`start`	Instance of `ArrowHead`.
`x_end`	The x-coordinates to locate the end of the arrows.
`y_end`	The y-coordinates to locate the end of the arrows.
`end_units`	The unit type for the end_x and end_y attributes.
`end`	Instance of `ArrowHead`.
`line_alpha`	The line alpha values for the arrow body.
`line_dash`	The line dash values for the arrow body.
`line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset values for the arrow body.
`line_join`	The line join values for the arrow body.
`line_width`	The line width values for the arrow body.
`line_color`	The line color values for the arrow body.
`line_cap`	The line cap values for the arrow body.

Inherited from DataAnnotation

Local data source to use when rendering annotations on the plot.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

end = OpenHead(id='13863', ...)¶

Type: Nullable(Instance(ArrowHead))

Instance of ArrowHead.

end_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

The unit type for the end_x and end_y attributes. Interpreted as “data space” units by default.

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

line_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: AlphaSpec

The line alpha values for the arrow body.

line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: LineCapSpec

The line cap values for the arrow body.

line_color = 'black'¶

Type: ColorSpec

The line color values for the arrow body.

line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPatternSpec

The line dash values for the arrow body.

line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: IntSpec

The line dash offset values for the arrow body.

line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: LineJoinSpec

The line join values for the arrow body.

line_width = 1¶

Type: NumberSpec

The line width values for the arrow body.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

source = ColumnDataSource(id='13875', ...)¶

Type: Instance(DataSource)

Local data source to use when rendering annotations on the plot.

start = None¶

Type: Nullable(Instance(ArrowHead))

Instance of ArrowHead.

start_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

The unit type for the start_x and start_y attributes. Interpreted as “data space” units by default.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_end = {'field': 'x_end'}¶

Type: NumberSpec

The x-coordinates to locate the end of the arrows.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

x_start = {'field': 'x_start'}¶

Type: NumberSpec

The x-coordinates to locate the start of the arrows.

y_end = {'field': 'y_end'}¶

Type: NumberSpec

The y-coordinates to locate the end of the arrows.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

y_start = {'field': 'y_start'}¶

Type: NumberSpec

The y-coordinates to locate the start of the arrows.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

Band¶

class Band(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.models.annotations.DataAnnotation

Render a filled area band along a dimension.

See Bands for information on plotting bands.

JSON Prototype

{
  "base": {
    "field": "base"
  },
  "coordinates": null,
  "dimension": "height",
  "fill_alpha": 0.4,
  "fill_color": "#fff9ba",
  "group": null,
  "id": "13887",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "level": "annotation",
  "line_alpha": 0.3,
  "line_cap": "butt",
  "line_color": "#cccccc",
  "line_dash": [],
  "line_dash_offset": 0,
  "line_join": "bevel",
  "line_width": 1,
  "lower": {
    "field": "lower"
  },
  "name": null,
  "source": {
    "id": "13888"
  },
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "upper": {
    "field": "upper"
  },
  "visible": true,
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

`lower_units`	Units to use for the associated property: screen or data
`lower`	The coordinates of the lower portion of the filled area band.
`upper_units`	Units to use for the associated property: screen or data
`upper`	The coordinates of the upper portion of the filled area band.
`base_units`	Units to use for the associated property: screen or data
`base`	The orthogonal coordinates of the upper and lower values.
`dimension`	The direction of the band can be specified by setting this property to "height" (`y` direction) or "width" (`x` direction).
`line_alpha`	The line alpha values for the band.
`line_dash`	The line dash values for the band.
`line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset values for the band.
`line_join`	The line join values for the band.
`line_width`	The line width values for the band.
`line_color`	The line color values for the band.
`line_cap`	The line cap values for the band.
`fill_color`	The fill color values for the band.
`fill_alpha`	The fill alpha values for the band.

Inherited from DataAnnotation

Local data source to use when rendering annotations on the plot.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

base = {'field': 'base'}¶

Type: PropertyUnitsSpec

The orthogonal coordinates of the upper and lower values.

base_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

Units to use for the associated property: screen or data

dimension = 'height'¶

Type: Enum(Dimension)

The direction of the band can be specified by setting this property to “height” (y direction) or “width” (x direction).

fill_alpha = 0.4¶

Type: Alpha

The fill alpha values for the band.

fill_color = '#fff9ba'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The fill color values for the band.

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

line_alpha = 0.3¶

Type: Alpha

The line alpha values for the band.

line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: Enum(LineCap)

The line cap values for the band.

line_color = '#cccccc'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The line color values for the band.

line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPattern

The line dash values for the band.

line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: Int

The line dash offset values for the band.

line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: Enum(LineJoin)

The line join values for the band.

line_width = 1¶

Type: Float

The line width values for the band.

lower = {'field': 'lower'}¶

Type: PropertyUnitsSpec

The coordinates of the lower portion of the filled area band.

lower_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

Units to use for the associated property: screen or data

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

source = ColumnDataSource(id='13906', ...)¶

Type: Instance(DataSource)

Local data source to use when rendering annotations on the plot.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

upper = {'field': 'upper'}¶

Type: PropertyUnitsSpec

The coordinates of the upper portion of the filled area band.

upper_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

Units to use for the associated property: screen or data

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

BoxAnnotation¶

class BoxAnnotation(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.models.annotations.Annotation, bokeh.models.annotations._HasRenderMode

Render a shaded rectangular region as an annotation.

See Box annotations for information on plotting box annotations.

JSON Prototype

{
  "bottom": null,
  "bottom_units": "data",
  "coordinates": null,
  "fill_alpha": 0.4,
  "fill_color": "#fff9ba",
  "group": null,
  "hatch_alpha": 1.0,
  "hatch_color": "black",
  "hatch_extra": {},
  "hatch_pattern": null,
  "hatch_scale": 12.0,
  "hatch_weight": 1.0,
  "id": "13914",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "left": null,
  "left_units": "data",
  "level": "annotation",
  "line_alpha": 0.3,
  "line_cap": "butt",
  "line_color": "#cccccc",
  "line_dash": [],
  "line_dash_offset": 0,
  "line_join": "bevel",
  "line_width": 1,
  "name": null,
  "render_mode": "canvas",
  "right": null,
  "right_units": "data",
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "top": null,
  "top_units": "data",
  "visible": true,
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

`left`	The x-coordinates of the left edge of the box annotation.
`left_units`	The unit type for the left attribute.
`right`	The x-coordinates of the right edge of the box annotation.
`right_units`	The unit type for the right attribute.
`bottom`	The y-coordinates of the bottom edge of the box annotation.
`bottom_units`	The unit type for the bottom attribute.
`top`	The y-coordinates of the top edge of the box annotation.
`top_units`	The unit type for the top attribute.
`line_alpha`	The line alpha values for the box.
`line_dash`	The line dash values for the box.
`line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset values for the box.
`line_join`	The line join values for the box.
`line_width`	The line width values for the box.
`line_color`	The line color values for the box.
`line_cap`	The line cap values for the box.
`fill_color`	The fill color values for the box.
`fill_alpha`	The fill alpha values for the box.
`hatch_color`	The hatch color values for the box.
`hatch_extra`	The hatch extra values for the box.
`hatch_weight`	The hatch weight values for the box.
`hatch_alpha`	The hatch alpha values for the box.
`hatch_pattern`	The hatch pattern values for the box.
`hatch_scale`	The hatch scale values for the box.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from _HasRenderMode

Specifies whether the contents are rendered to a canvas or as a HTML element overlaid on the canvas.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

bottom = None¶

Type: Either(Null, Auto, NumberSpec)

The y-coordinates of the bottom edge of the box annotation.

Datetime values are also accepted, but note that they are immediately converted to milliseconds-since-epoch.

bottom_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

The unit type for the bottom attribute. Interpreted as data units by default.

fill_alpha = 0.4¶

Type: Alpha

The fill alpha values for the box.

fill_color = '#fff9ba'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The fill color values for the box.

hatch_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The hatch alpha values for the box.

hatch_color = 'black'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The hatch color values for the box.

hatch_extra = {}¶

Type: Dict(String, Instance(Texture))

The hatch extra values for the box.

hatch_pattern = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

The hatch pattern values for the box.

hatch_scale = 12.0¶

Type: Size

The hatch scale values for the box.

hatch_weight = 1.0¶

Type: Size

The hatch weight values for the box.

left = None¶

Type: Either(Null, Auto, NumberSpec)

The x-coordinates of the left edge of the box annotation.

Datetime values are also accepted, but note that they are immediately converted to milliseconds-since-epoch.

left_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

The unit type for the left attribute. Interpreted as data units by default.

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

line_alpha = 0.3¶

Type: Alpha

The line alpha values for the box.

line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: Enum(LineCap)

The line cap values for the box.

line_color = '#cccccc'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The line color values for the box.

line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPattern

The line dash values for the box.

line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: Int

The line dash offset values for the box.

line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: Enum(LineJoin)

The line join values for the box.

line_width = 1¶

Type: Float

The line width values for the box.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

render_mode = 'canvas'¶

Type: Enum(RenderMode)

Specifies whether the contents are rendered to a canvas or as a HTML element overlaid on the canvas. The default mode is “canvas”.

Note

This property is deprecated and will be removed in bokeh 3.0.

Note

The HTML labels won’t be present in the output using the “save” tool.

Warning

Not all visual styling properties are supported if the render_mode is set to “css”. The border_line_dash property isn’t fully supported and border_line_dash_offset isn’t supported at all. Setting text_alpha will modify the opacity of the entire background box and border in addition to the text. Finally, clipping Label annotations inside of the plot area isn’t supported in “css” mode.

right = None¶

Type: Either(Null, Auto, NumberSpec)

The x-coordinates of the right edge of the box annotation.

Datetime values are also accepted, but note that they are immediately converted to milliseconds-since-epoch.

right_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

The unit type for the right attribute. Interpreted as data units by default.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

top = None¶

Type: Either(Null, Auto, NumberSpec)

The y-coordinates of the top edge of the box annotation.

Datetime values are also accepted, but note that they are immediately converted to milliseconds-since-epoch.

top_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

The unit type for the top attribute. Interpreted as data units by default.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

ColorBar¶

class ColorBar(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Render a color bar based on a color mapper.

See Color bars for information on plotting color bars.

JSON Prototype

{
  "background_fill_alpha": 0.95,
  "background_fill_color": "#ffffff",
  "bar_line_alpha": 1.0,
  "bar_line_cap": "butt",
  "bar_line_color": null,
  "bar_line_dash": [],
  "bar_line_dash_offset": 0,
  "bar_line_join": "bevel",
  "bar_line_width": 1,
  "border_line_alpha": 1.0,
  "border_line_cap": "butt",
  "border_line_color": null,
  "border_line_dash": [],
  "border_line_dash_offset": 0,
  "border_line_join": "bevel",
  "border_line_width": 1,
  "coordinates": null,
  "formatter": "auto",
  "group": null,
  "height": "auto",
  "id": "13946",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "label_standoff": 5,
  "level": "annotation",
  "location": "top_right",
  "major_label_overrides": {},
  "major_label_policy": {
    "id": "13947"
  },
  "major_label_text_align": "left",
  "major_label_text_alpha": 1.0,
  "major_label_text_baseline": "bottom",
  "major_label_text_color": "#444444",
  "major_label_text_font": "helvetica",
  "major_label_text_font_size": "11px",
  "major_label_text_font_style": "normal",
  "major_label_text_line_height": 1.2,
  "major_tick_in": 5,
  "major_tick_line_alpha": 1.0,
  "major_tick_line_cap": "butt",
  "major_tick_line_color": "#ffffff",
  "major_tick_line_dash": [],
  "major_tick_line_dash_offset": 0,
  "major_tick_line_join": "bevel",
  "major_tick_line_width": 1,
  "major_tick_out": 0,
  "margin": 30,
  "minor_tick_in": 0,
  "minor_tick_line_alpha": 1.0,
  "minor_tick_line_cap": "butt",
  "minor_tick_line_color": null,
  "minor_tick_line_dash": [],
  "minor_tick_line_dash_offset": 0,
  "minor_tick_line_join": "bevel",
  "minor_tick_line_width": 1,
  "minor_tick_out": 0,
  "name": null,
  "orientation": "auto",
  "padding": 10,
  "scale_alpha": 1.0,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "ticker": "auto",
  "title": null,
  "title_standoff": 2,
  "title_text_align": "left",
  "title_text_alpha": 1.0,
  "title_text_baseline": "bottom",
  "title_text_color": "#444444",
  "title_text_font": "helvetica",
  "title_text_font_size": "13px",
  "title_text_font_style": "italic",
  "title_text_line_height": 1.2,
  "visible": true,
  "width": "auto",
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

`location`	The location where the color bar should draw itself.
`orientation`	Whether the color bar should be oriented vertically or horizontally.
`height`	The height (in pixels) that the color scale should occupy.
`width`	The width (in pixels) that the color scale should occupy.
`scale_alpha`	The alpha with which to render the color scale.
`title`	The title text to render.
`title_text_align`	The text align values for the title text.
`title_text_font_size`	The text font size values for the title text.
`title_text_alpha`	The text alpha values for the title text.
`title_text_color`	The text color values for the title text.
`title_text_line_height`	The text line height values for the title text.
`title_text_font_style`	The text font style values for the title text.
`title_text_font`	The text font values for the title text.
`title_text_baseline`	The text baseline values for the title text.
`title_standoff`	The distance (in pixels) to separate the title from the color bar.
`ticker`	A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.
`formatter`	A `TickFormatter` to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.
`major_label_overrides`	Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.
`major_label_policy`	Allows to filter out labels, e.g.
`color_mapper`	A color mapper containing a color palette to render.
`margin`	Amount of margin (in pixels) around the outside of the color bar.
`padding`	Amount of padding (in pixels) between the color scale and color bar border.
`major_label_text_align`	The text align of the major tick labels.
`major_label_text_font_size`	The text font size of the major tick labels.
`major_label_text_alpha`	The text alpha of the major tick labels.
`major_label_text_color`	The text color of the major tick labels.
`major_label_text_line_height`	The text line height of the major tick labels.
`major_label_text_font_style`	The text font style of the major tick labels.
`major_label_text_font`	The text font of the major tick labels.
`major_label_text_baseline`	The text baseline of the major tick labels.
`label_standoff`	The distance (in pixels) to separate the tick labels from the color bar.
`major_tick_line_alpha`	The line alpha of the major ticks.
`major_tick_line_dash`	The line dash of the major ticks.
`major_tick_line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset of the major ticks.
`major_tick_line_join`	The line join of the major ticks.
`major_tick_line_width`	The line width of the major ticks.
`major_tick_line_color`	The line color of the major ticks.
`major_tick_line_cap`	The line cap of the major ticks.
`major_tick_in`	The distance (in pixels) that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.
`major_tick_out`	The distance (in pixels) that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
`minor_tick_line_alpha`	The line alpha of the minor ticks.
`minor_tick_line_dash`	The line dash of the minor ticks.
`minor_tick_line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset of the minor ticks.
`minor_tick_line_join`	The line join of the minor ticks.
`minor_tick_line_width`	The line width of the minor ticks.
`minor_tick_line_color`	The line color of the minor ticks.
`minor_tick_line_cap`	The line cap of the minor ticks.
`minor_tick_in`	The distance (in pixels) that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.
`minor_tick_out`	The distance (in pixels) that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.
`bar_line_alpha`	The line alpha for the color scale bar outline.
`bar_line_dash`	The line dash for the color scale bar outline.
`bar_line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset for the color scale bar outline.
`bar_line_join`	The line join for the color scale bar outline.
`bar_line_width`	The line width for the color scale bar outline.
`bar_line_color`	The line color for the color scale bar outline.
`bar_line_cap`	The line cap for the color scale bar outline.
`border_line_alpha`	The line alpha for the color bar border outline.
`border_line_dash`	The line dash for the color bar border outline.
`border_line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset for the color bar border outline.
`border_line_join`	The line join for the color bar border outline.
`border_line_width`	The line width for the color bar border outline.
`border_line_color`	The line color for the color bar border outline.
`border_line_cap`	The line cap for the color bar border outline.
`background_fill_color`	The fill color for the color bar background style.
`background_fill_alpha`	The fill alpha for the color bar background style.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

background_fill_alpha = 0.95¶

Type: Alpha

The fill alpha for the color bar background style.

background_fill_color = '#ffffff'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The fill color for the color bar background style.

bar_line_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The line alpha for the color scale bar outline.

bar_line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: Enum(LineCap)

The line cap for the color scale bar outline.

bar_line_color = None¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The line color for the color scale bar outline.

bar_line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPattern

The line dash for the color scale bar outline.

bar_line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: Int

The line dash offset for the color scale bar outline.

bar_line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: Enum(LineJoin)

The line join for the color scale bar outline.

bar_line_width = 1¶

Type: Float

The line width for the color scale bar outline.

border_line_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The line alpha for the color bar border outline.

border_line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: Enum(LineCap)

The line cap for the color bar border outline.

border_line_color = None¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The line color for the color bar border outline.

border_line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPattern

The line dash for the color bar border outline.

border_line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: Int

The line dash offset for the color bar border outline.

border_line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: Enum(LineJoin)

The line join for the color bar border outline.

border_line_width = 1¶

Type: Float

The line width for the color bar border outline.

color_mapper = Undefined¶

Type: Instance(ColorMapper)

A color mapper containing a color palette to render.

Warning

If the low and high attributes of the ColorMapper aren’t set, ticks and tick labels won’t be rendered. Additionally, if a LogTicker is passed to the ticker argument and either or both of the logarithms of low and high values of the color_mapper are non-numeric (i.e. low=0), the tick and tick labels won’t be rendered.

formatter = 'auto'¶

Type: Either(Instance(TickFormatter), Auto)

A TickFormatter to use for formatting the visual appearance of ticks.

height = 'auto'¶

Type: Either(Auto, Int)

The height (in pixels) that the color scale should occupy.

label_standoff = 5¶

Type: Int

The distance (in pixels) to separate the tick labels from the color bar.

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

location = 'top_right'¶

Type: Either(Enum(Anchor), Tuple(Float, Float))

The location where the color bar should draw itself. It’s either one of bokeh.core.enums.Anchor’s enumerated values, or a (x, y) tuple indicating an absolute location absolute location in screen coordinates (pixels from the bottom-left corner).

Warning

If the color bar is placed in a side panel, the location will likely have to be set to (0,0).

major_label_overrides = {}¶

Type: Dict(Either(Float, String), Either(MathString, Instance(BaseText)))

Provide explicit tick label values for specific tick locations that override normal formatting.

major_label_policy = NoOverlap(id='13972', ...)¶

Type: Instance(LabelingPolicy)

Allows to filter out labels, e.g. declutter labels to avoid overlap.

major_label_text_align = 'left'¶

Type: Enum(TextAlign)

The text align of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The text alpha of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_baseline = 'bottom'¶

Type: Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_color = '#444444'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The text color of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font = 'helvetica'¶

Type: String

The text font of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_size = '11px'¶

Type: FontSize

The text font size of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_font_style = 'normal'¶

Type: Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style of the major tick labels.

major_label_text_line_height = 1.2¶

Type: Float

The text line height of the major tick labels.

major_tick_in = 5¶

Type: Int

The distance (in pixels) that major ticks should extend into the main plot area.

major_tick_line_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The line alpha of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_color = '#ffffff'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The line color of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPattern

The line dash of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: Int

The line dash offset of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the major ticks.

major_tick_line_width = 1¶

Type: Float

The line width of the major ticks.

major_tick_out = 0¶

Type: Int

The distance (in pixels) that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

margin = 30¶

Type: Int

Amount of margin (in pixels) around the outside of the color bar.

minor_tick_in = 0¶

Type: Int

The distance (in pixels) that minor ticks should extend into the main plot area.

minor_tick_line_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The line alpha of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: Enum(LineCap)

The line cap of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_color = None¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The line color of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPattern

The line dash of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: Int

The line dash offset of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: Enum(LineJoin)

The line join of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_line_width = 1¶

Type: Float

The line width of the minor ticks.

minor_tick_out = 0¶

Type: Int

The distance (in pixels) that major ticks should extend out of the main plot area.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

orientation = 'auto'¶

Type: Either(Enum(Orientation), Auto)

Whether the color bar should be oriented vertically or horizontally.

padding = 10¶

Type: Int

Amount of padding (in pixels) between the color scale and color bar border.

scale_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Float

The alpha with which to render the color scale.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

ticker = 'auto'¶

Type: Either(Instance(Ticker), Auto)

A Ticker to use for computing locations of axis components.

title = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

The title text to render.

title_standoff = 2¶

Type: Int

The distance (in pixels) to separate the title from the color bar.

title_text_align = 'left'¶

Type: Enum(TextAlign)

The text align values for the title text.

title_text_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The text alpha values for the title text.

title_text_baseline = 'bottom'¶

Type: Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline values for the title text.

title_text_color = '#444444'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The text color values for the title text.

title_text_font = 'helvetica'¶

Type: String

The text font values for the title text.

title_text_font_size = '13px'¶

Type: FontSize

The text font size values for the title text.

title_text_font_style = 'italic'¶

Type: Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style values for the title text.

title_text_line_height = 1.2¶

Type: Float

The text line height values for the title text.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

width = 'auto'¶

Type: Either(Auto, Int)

The width (in pixels) that the color scale should occupy.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

DataAnnotation¶

class DataAnnotation(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Base class for annotations that utilize a data source.

Note

This is an abstract base class used to help organize the hierarchy of Bokeh model types. It is not useful to instantiate on its own.

JSON Prototype

{
  "coordinates": null,
  "group": null,
  "id": "14021",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "level": "annotation",
  "name": null,
  "source": {
    "id": "14022"
  },
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "visible": true,
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

Local data source to use when rendering annotations on the plot.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

source = ColumnDataSource(id='14026', ...)¶

Type: Instance(DataSource)

Local data source to use when rendering annotations on the plot.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

Label¶

class Label(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.models.annotations.TextAnnotation

Render a single text label as an annotation.

Label will render a single text label at given x and y coordinates, which can be in either screen (pixel) space, or data (axis range) space.

The label can also be configured with a screen space offset from x and y, by using the x_offset and y_offset properties.

Additionally, the label can be rotated with the angle property.

There are also standard text, fill, and line properties to control the appearance of the text, its background, as well as the rectangular bounding box border.

See Labels for information on plotting labels.

JSON Prototype

{
  "angle": 0,
  "angle_units": "rad",
  "background_fill_alpha": 1.0,
  "background_fill_color": null,
  "border_line_alpha": 1.0,
  "border_line_cap": "butt",
  "border_line_color": null,
  "border_line_dash": [],
  "border_line_dash_offset": 0,
  "border_line_join": "bevel",
  "border_line_width": 1,
  "coordinates": null,
  "group": null,
  "id": "14032",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "level": "annotation",
  "name": null,
  "render_mode": "canvas",
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "text": "",
  "text_align": "left",
  "text_alpha": 1.0,
  "text_baseline": "bottom",
  "text_color": "#444444",
  "text_font": "helvetica",
  "text_font_size": "16px",
  "text_font_style": "normal",
  "text_line_height": 1.2,
  "visible": true,
  "x_offset": 0,
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "x_units": "data",
  "y_offset": 0,
  "y_range_name": "default",
  "y_units": "data"
}

Public Data Attributes:

`x`	The x-coordinate in screen coordinates to locate the text anchors.
`x_units`	The unit type for the x attribute.
`y`	The y-coordinate in screen coordinates to locate the text anchors.
`y_units`	The unit type for the y attribute.
`text`	The text value to render.
`angle`	The angle to rotate the text, as measured from the horizontal.
`angle_units`	Acceptable values for units are `"rad"` and `"deg"`
`x_offset`	Offset value to apply to the x-coordinate.
`y_offset`	Offset value to apply to the y-coordinate.
`text_align`	The text align values for the text.
`text_font_size`	The text font size values for the text.
`text_alpha`	The text alpha values for the text.
`text_color`	The text color values for the text.
`text_line_height`	The text line height values for the text.
`text_font_style`	The text font style values for the text.
`text_font`	The text font values for the text.
`text_baseline`	The text baseline values for the text.
`background_fill_color`	The fill color values for the text bounding box.
`background_fill_alpha`	The fill alpha values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_alpha`	The line alpha values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_dash`	The line dash values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_join`	The line join values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_width`	The line width values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_color`	The line color values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_cap`	The line cap values for the text bounding box.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from _HasRenderMode

Specifies whether the contents are rendered to a canvas or as a HTML element overlaid on the canvas.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

angle = 0¶

Type: Angle

The angle to rotate the text, as measured from the horizontal.

angle_units = 'rad'¶

Type: Enum(AngleUnits)

Acceptable values for units are "rad" and "deg"

background_fill_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The fill alpha values for the text bounding box.

background_fill_color = None¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The fill color values for the text bounding box.

border_line_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The line alpha values for the text bounding box.

border_line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: Enum(LineCap)

The line cap values for the text bounding box.

border_line_color = None¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The line color values for the text bounding box.

border_line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPattern

The line dash values for the text bounding box.

border_line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: Int

The line dash offset values for the text bounding box.

border_line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: Enum(LineJoin)

The line join values for the text bounding box.

border_line_width = 1¶

Type: Float

The line width values for the text bounding box.

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

render_mode = 'canvas'¶

Type: Enum(RenderMode)

Specifies whether the contents are rendered to a canvas or as a HTML element overlaid on the canvas. The default mode is “canvas”.

Note

This property is deprecated and will be removed in bokeh 3.0.

Note

The HTML labels won’t be present in the output using the “save” tool.

Warning

Not all visual styling properties are supported if the render_mode is set to “css”. The border_line_dash property isn’t fully supported and border_line_dash_offset isn’t supported at all. Setting text_alpha will modify the opacity of the entire background box and border in addition to the text. Finally, clipping Label annotations inside of the plot area isn’t supported in “css” mode.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

text = ''¶

Type: String

The text value to render.

text_align = 'left'¶

Type: Enum(TextAlign)

The text align values for the text.

text_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The text alpha values for the text.

text_baseline = 'bottom'¶

Type: Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline values for the text.

text_color = '#444444'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The text color values for the text.

text_font = 'helvetica'¶

Type: String

The text font values for the text.

text_font_size = '16px'¶

Type: FontSize

The text font size values for the text.

text_font_style = 'normal'¶

Type: Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style values for the text.

text_line_height = 1.2¶

Type: Float

The text line height values for the text.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x = Undefined¶

Type: NonNullable(Float)

The x-coordinate in screen coordinates to locate the text anchors.

Datetime values are also accepted, but note that they are immediately converted to milliseconds-since-epoch.

x_offset = 0¶

Type: Float

Offset value to apply to the x-coordinate.

This is useful, for instance, if it is desired to “float” text a fixed distance in screen units from a given data position.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

x_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

The unit type for the x attribute. Interpreted as data units by default.

y = Undefined¶

Type: NonNullable(Float)

The y-coordinate in screen coordinates to locate the text anchors.

Datetime values are also accepted, but note that they are immediately converted to milliseconds-since-epoch.

y_offset = 0¶

Type: Float

Offset value to apply to the y-coordinate.

This is useful, for instance, if it is desired to “float” text a fixed distance in screen units from a given data position.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

y_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

The unit type for the y attribute. Interpreted as data units by default.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

LabelSet¶

class LabelSet(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.models.annotations.DataAnnotation, bokeh.models.annotations._HasRenderMode

Render multiple text labels as annotations.

LabelSet will render multiple text labels at given x and y coordinates, which can be in either screen (pixel) space, or data (axis range) space. In this case (as opposed to the single Label model), x and y can also be the name of a column from a ColumnDataSource, in which case the labels will be “vectorized” using coordinate values from the specified columns.

The label can also be configured with a screen space offset from x and y, by using the x_offset and y_offset properties. These offsets may be vectorized by giving the name of a data source column.

Additionally, the label can be rotated with the angle property (which may also be a column name.)

There are also standard text, fill, and line properties to control the appearance of the text, its background, as well as the rectangular bounding box border.

The data source is provided by setting the source property.

JSON Prototype

{
  "angle": {
    "value": 0
  },
  "background_fill_alpha": {
    "value": 1.0
  },
  "background_fill_color": {
    "value": null
  },
  "border_line_alpha": {
    "value": 1.0
  },
  "border_line_cap": {
    "value": "butt"
  },
  "border_line_color": {
    "value": null
  },
  "border_line_dash": {
    "value": []
  },
  "border_line_dash_offset": {
    "value": 0
  },
  "border_line_join": {
    "value": "bevel"
  },
  "border_line_width": {
    "value": 1
  },
  "coordinates": null,
  "group": null,
  "id": "14067",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "level": "annotation",
  "name": null,
  "render_mode": "canvas",
  "source": {
    "id": "14068"
  },
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "text": {
    "field": "text"
  },
  "text_align": {
    "value": "left"
  },
  "text_alpha": {
    "value": 1.0
  },
  "text_baseline": {
    "value": "bottom"
  },
  "text_color": {
    "value": "#444444"
  },
  "text_font": {
    "value": "helvetica"
  },
  "text_font_size": {
    "value": "16px"
  },
  "text_font_style": {
    "value": "normal"
  },
  "text_line_height": {
    "value": 1.2
  },
  "visible": true,
  "x": {
    "field": "x"
  },
  "x_offset": {
    "value": 0
  },
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "x_units": "data",
  "y": {
    "field": "y"
  },
  "y_offset": {
    "value": 0
  },
  "y_range_name": "default",
  "y_units": "data"
}

Public Data Attributes:

`x`	The x-coordinates to locate the text anchors.
`x_units`	The unit type for the `xs` attribute.
`y`	The y-coordinates to locate the text anchors.
`y_units`	The unit type for the `ys` attribute.
`text`	The text values to render.
`angle_units`	Units to use for the associated property: deg, rad, grad or turn
`angle`	The angles to rotate the text, as measured from the horizontal.
`x_offset`	Offset values to apply to the x-coordinates.
`y_offset`	Offset values to apply to the y-coordinates.
`text_align`	The text align values for the text.
`text_font_size`	The text font size values for the text.
`text_alpha`	The text alpha values for the text.
`text_color`	The text color values for the text.
`text_line_height`	The text line height values for the text.
`text_font_style`	The text font style values for the text.
`text_font`	The text font values for the text.
`text_baseline`	The text baseline values for the text.
`background_fill_color`	The fill color values for the text bounding box.
`background_fill_alpha`	The fill alpha values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_alpha`	The line alpha values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_dash`	The line dash values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_join`	The line join values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_width`	The line width values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_color`	The line color values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_cap`	The line cap values for the text bounding box.

Inherited from DataAnnotation

Local data source to use when rendering annotations on the plot.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from _HasRenderMode

Specifies whether the contents are rendered to a canvas or as a HTML element overlaid on the canvas.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

angle = 0¶

Type: AngleSpec

The angles to rotate the text, as measured from the horizontal.

angle_units = 'rad'¶

Type: Enum(AngleUnits)

Units to use for the associated property: deg, rad, grad or turn

background_fill_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: AlphaSpec

The fill alpha values for the text bounding box.

background_fill_color = None¶

Type: ColorSpec

The fill color values for the text bounding box.

border_line_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: AlphaSpec

The line alpha values for the text bounding box.

border_line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: LineCapSpec

The line cap values for the text bounding box.

border_line_color = None¶

Type: ColorSpec

The line color values for the text bounding box.

border_line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPatternSpec

The line dash values for the text bounding box.

border_line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: IntSpec

The line dash offset values for the text bounding box.

border_line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: LineJoinSpec

The line join values for the text bounding box.

border_line_width = 1¶

Type: NumberSpec

The line width values for the text bounding box.

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

render_mode = 'canvas'¶

Type: Enum(RenderMode)

Specifies whether the contents are rendered to a canvas or as a HTML element overlaid on the canvas. The default mode is “canvas”.

Note

This property is deprecated and will be removed in bokeh 3.0.

Note

The HTML labels won’t be present in the output using the “save” tool.

Warning

Not all visual styling properties are supported if the render_mode is set to “css”. The border_line_dash property isn’t fully supported and border_line_dash_offset isn’t supported at all. Setting text_alpha will modify the opacity of the entire background box and border in addition to the text. Finally, clipping Label annotations inside of the plot area isn’t supported in “css” mode.

source = ColumnDataSource(id='14084', ...)¶

Type: Instance(DataSource)

Local data source to use when rendering annotations on the plot.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

text = {'field': 'text'}¶

Type: StringSpec

The text values to render.

text_align = 'left'¶

Type: TextAlignSpec

The text align values for the text.

text_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: AlphaSpec

The text alpha values for the text.

text_baseline = 'bottom'¶

Type: TextBaselineSpec

The text baseline values for the text.

text_color = '#444444'¶

Type: ColorSpec

The text color values for the text.

text_font = {'value': 'helvetica'}¶

Type: StringSpec

The text font values for the text.

text_font_size = {'value': '16px'}¶

Type: FontSizeSpec

The text font size values for the text.

text_font_style = 'normal'¶

Type: FontStyleSpec

The text font style values for the text.

text_line_height = 1.2¶

Type: NumberSpec

The text line height values for the text.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x = {'field': 'x'}¶

Type: NumberSpec

The x-coordinates to locate the text anchors.

x_offset = 0¶

Type: NumberSpec

Offset values to apply to the x-coordinates.

This is useful, for instance, if it is desired to “float” text a fixed distance in screen units from a given data position.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

x_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

The unit type for the xs attribute. Interpreted as data units by default.

y = {'field': 'y'}¶

Type: NumberSpec

The y-coordinates to locate the text anchors.

y_offset = 0¶

Type: NumberSpec

Offset values to apply to the y-coordinates.

This is useful, for instance, if it is desired to “float” text a fixed distance in screen units from a given data position.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

y_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

The unit type for the ys attribute. Interpreted as data units by default.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

Legend¶

class Legend(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Render informational legends for a plot.

See Legends for information on plotting legends.

JSON Prototype

{
  "background_fill_alpha": 0.95,
  "background_fill_color": "#ffffff",
  "border_line_alpha": 0.5,
  "border_line_cap": "butt",
  "border_line_color": "#e5e5e5",
  "border_line_dash": [],
  "border_line_dash_offset": 0,
  "border_line_join": "bevel",
  "border_line_width": 1,
  "click_policy": "none",
  "coordinates": null,
  "glyph_height": 20,
  "glyph_width": 20,
  "group": null,
  "id": "14105",
  "inactive_fill_alpha": 0.7,
  "inactive_fill_color": "white",
  "items": [],
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "label_height": 20,
  "label_standoff": 5,
  "label_text_align": "left",
  "label_text_alpha": 1.0,
  "label_text_baseline": "middle",
  "label_text_color": "#444444",
  "label_text_font": "helvetica",
  "label_text_font_size": "13px",
  "label_text_font_style": "normal",
  "label_text_line_height": 1.2,
  "label_width": 20,
  "level": "annotation",
  "location": "top_right",
  "margin": 10,
  "name": null,
  "orientation": "vertical",
  "padding": 10,
  "spacing": 3,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "title": null,
  "title_standoff": 5,
  "title_text_align": "left",
  "title_text_alpha": 1.0,
  "title_text_baseline": "bottom",
  "title_text_color": "#444444",
  "title_text_font": "helvetica",
  "title_text_font_size": "13px",
  "title_text_font_style": "italic",
  "title_text_line_height": 1.2,
  "visible": true,
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

`location`	The location where the legend should draw itself.
`orientation`	Whether the legend entries should be placed vertically or horizontally when they are drawn.
`title`	The title text to render.
`title_text_align`	The text align values for the title text.
`title_text_font_size`	The text font size values for the title text.
`title_text_alpha`	The text alpha values for the title text.
`title_text_color`	The text color values for the title text.
`title_text_line_height`	The text line height values for the title text.
`title_text_font_style`	The text font style values for the title text.
`title_text_font`	The text font values for the title text.
`title_text_baseline`	The text baseline values for the title text.
`title_standoff`	The distance (in pixels) to separate the title from the legend.
`border_line_alpha`	The line alpha for the legend border outline.
`border_line_dash`	The line dash for the legend border outline.
`border_line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset for the legend border outline.
`border_line_join`	The line join for the legend border outline.
`border_line_width`	The line width for the legend border outline.
`border_line_color`	The line color for the legend border outline.
`border_line_cap`	The line cap for the legend border outline.
`background_fill_color`	The fill color for the legend background style.
`background_fill_alpha`	The fill alpha for the legend background style.
`inactive_fill_color`	The fill color for the legend item style when inactive.
`inactive_fill_alpha`	The fill alpha for the legend item style when inactive.
`click_policy`	Defines what happens when a lengend's item is clicked.
`label_text_align`	The text align for the legend labels.
`label_text_font_size`	The text font size for the legend labels.
`label_text_alpha`	The text alpha for the legend labels.
`label_text_color`	The text color for the legend labels.
`label_text_line_height`	The text line height for the legend labels.
`label_text_font_style`	The text font style for the legend labels.
`label_text_font`	The text font for the legend labels.
`label_text_baseline`	The text baseline for the legend labels.
`label_standoff`	The distance (in pixels) to separate the label from its associated glyph.
`label_height`	The minimum height (in pixels) of the area that legend labels should occupy.
`label_width`	The minimum width (in pixels) of the area that legend labels should occupy.
`glyph_height`	The height (in pixels) that the rendered legend glyph should occupy.
`glyph_width`	The width (in pixels) that the rendered legend glyph should occupy.
`margin`	Amount of margin around the legend.
`padding`	Amount of padding around the contents of the legend.
`spacing`	Amount of spacing (in pixels) between legend entries.
`items`	A list of `LegendItem` instances to be rendered in the legend.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

background_fill_alpha = 0.95¶

Type: Alpha

The fill alpha for the legend background style.

background_fill_color = '#ffffff'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The fill color for the legend background style.

border_line_alpha = 0.5¶

Type: Alpha

The line alpha for the legend border outline.

border_line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: Enum(LineCap)

The line cap for the legend border outline.

border_line_color = '#e5e5e5'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The line color for the legend border outline.

border_line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPattern

The line dash for the legend border outline.

border_line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: Int

The line dash offset for the legend border outline.

border_line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: Enum(LineJoin)

The line join for the legend border outline.

border_line_width = 1¶

Type: Float

The line width for the legend border outline.

click_policy = 'none'¶

Type: Enum(LegendClickPolicy)

Defines what happens when a lengend’s item is clicked.

glyph_height = 20¶

Type: Int

The height (in pixels) that the rendered legend glyph should occupy.

glyph_width = 20¶

Type: Int

The width (in pixels) that the rendered legend glyph should occupy.

inactive_fill_alpha = 0.7¶

Type: Alpha

The fill alpha for the legend item style when inactive. These control an overlay on the item that can be used to obscure it when the corresponding glyph is inactive (e.g. by making it semi-transparent).

inactive_fill_color = 'white'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The fill color for the legend item style when inactive. These control an overlay on the item that can be used to obscure it when the corresponding glyph is inactive (e.g. by making it semi-transparent).

items = []¶

Type: List

A list of LegendItem instances to be rendered in the legend.

This can be specified explicitly, for instance:

legend = Legend(items=[
    LegendItem(label="sin(x)"   , renderers=[r0, r1]),
    LegendItem(label="2*sin(x)" , renderers=[r2]),
    LegendItem(label="3*sin(x)" , renderers=[r3, r4])
])

But as a convenience, can also be given more compactly as a list of tuples:

legend = Legend(items=[
    ("sin(x)"   , [r0, r1]),
    ("2*sin(x)" , [r2]),
    ("3*sin(x)" , [r3, r4])
])

where each tuple is of the form: (label, renderers).

label_height = 20¶

Type: Int

The minimum height (in pixels) of the area that legend labels should occupy.

label_standoff = 5¶

Type: Int

The distance (in pixels) to separate the label from its associated glyph.

label_text_align = 'left'¶

Type: Enum(TextAlign)

The text align for the legend labels.

label_text_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The text alpha for the legend labels.

label_text_baseline = 'middle'¶

Type: Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline for the legend labels.

label_text_color = '#444444'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The text color for the legend labels.

label_text_font = 'helvetica'¶

Type: String

The text font for the legend labels.

label_text_font_size = '13px'¶

Type: FontSize

The text font size for the legend labels.

label_text_font_style = 'normal'¶

Type: Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style for the legend labels.

label_text_line_height = 1.2¶

Type: Float

The text line height for the legend labels.

label_width = 20¶

Type: Int

The minimum width (in pixels) of the area that legend labels should occupy.

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

location = 'top_right'¶

Type: Either(Enum(Anchor), Tuple(Float, Float))

The location where the legend should draw itself. It’s either one of bokeh.core.enums.LegendLocation’s enumerated values, or a (x, y) tuple indicating an absolute location absolute location in screen coordinates (pixels from the bottom-left corner).

margin = 10¶

Type: Int

Amount of margin around the legend.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

orientation = 'vertical'¶

Type: Enum(Orientation)

Whether the legend entries should be placed vertically or horizontally when they are drawn.

padding = 10¶

Type: Int

Amount of padding around the contents of the legend. Only applicable when border is visible, otherwise collapses to 0.

spacing = 3¶

Type: Int

Amount of spacing (in pixels) between legend entries.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

title = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

The title text to render.

title_standoff = 5¶

Type: Int

The distance (in pixels) to separate the title from the legend.

title_text_align = 'left'¶

Type: Enum(TextAlign)

The text align values for the title text.

title_text_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The text alpha values for the title text.

title_text_baseline = 'bottom'¶

Type: Enum(TextBaseline)

The text baseline values for the title text.

title_text_color = '#444444'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The text color values for the title text.

title_text_font = 'helvetica'¶

Type: String

The text font values for the title text.

title_text_font_size = '13px'¶

Type: FontSize

The text font size values for the title text.

title_text_font_style = 'italic'¶

Type: Enum(FontStyle)

The text font style values for the title text.

title_text_line_height = 1.2¶

Type: Float

The text line height values for the title text.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

LegendItem¶

class LegendItem(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.model.model.Model

JSON Prototype

{
  "id": "14154",
  "index": null,
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "label": {
    "value": null
  },
  "name": null,
  "renderers": [],
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "visible": true
}

Public Data Attributes:

`label`	A label for this legend.
`renderers`	A list of the glyph renderers to draw in the legend.
`index`	The column data index to use for drawing the representative items.
`visible`	Whether the legend item should be displayed.

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

__init__(*args, **kwargs)

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(*args, **kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(args, *kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

index = None¶

Type: Nullable(Int)

The column data index to use for drawing the representative items.

If None (the default), then Bokeh will automatically choose an index to use. If the label does not refer to a data column name, this is typically the first data point in the data source. Otherwise, if the label does refer to a column name, the legend will have “groupby” behavior, and will choose and display representative points from every “group” in the column.

If set to a number, Bokeh will use that number as the index in all cases.

label = None¶

Type: NullStringSpec

A label for this legend. Can be a string, or a column of a ColumnDataSource. If label is a field, then it must be in the renderers’ data_source.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

renderers = []¶

Type: List

A list of the glyph renderers to draw in the legend. If label is a field, then all data_sources of renderers must be the same.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Whether the legend item should be displayed. See Hiding legend items in the user guide.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

PolyAnnotation¶

class PolyAnnotation(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Render a shaded polygonal region as an annotation.

See Polygon annotations for information on plotting polygon annotations.

JSON Prototype

{
  "coordinates": null,
  "fill_alpha": 0.4,
  "fill_color": "#fff9ba",
  "group": null,
  "hatch_alpha": 1.0,
  "hatch_color": "black",
  "hatch_extra": {},
  "hatch_pattern": null,
  "hatch_scale": 12.0,
  "hatch_weight": 1.0,
  "id": "14162",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "level": "annotation",
  "line_alpha": 0.3,
  "line_cap": "butt",
  "line_color": "#cccccc",
  "line_dash": [],
  "line_dash_offset": 0,
  "line_join": "bevel",
  "line_width": 1,
  "name": null,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "visible": true,
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "xs": [],
  "xs_units": "data",
  "y_range_name": "default",
  "ys": [],
  "ys_units": "data"
}

Public Data Attributes:

`xs`	The x-coordinates of the region to draw.
`xs_units`	The unit type for the `xs` attribute.
`ys`	The y-coordinates of the region to draw.
`ys_units`	The unit type for the `ys` attribute.
`line_alpha`	The line alpha values for the polygon.
`line_dash`	The line dash values for the polygon.
`line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset values for the polygon.
`line_join`	The line join values for the polygon.
`line_width`	The line width values for the polygon.
`line_color`	The line color values for the polygon.
`line_cap`	The line cap values for the polygon.
`fill_color`	The fill color values for the polygon.
`fill_alpha`	The fill alpha values for the polygon.
`hatch_color`	The hatch color values for the polygon.
`hatch_extra`	The hatch extra values for the polygon.
`hatch_weight`	The hatch weight values for the polygon.
`hatch_alpha`	The hatch alpha values for the polygon.
`hatch_pattern`	The hatch pattern values for the polygon.
`hatch_scale`	The hatch scale values for the polygon.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

fill_alpha = 0.4¶

Type: Alpha

The fill alpha values for the polygon.

fill_color = '#fff9ba'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The fill color values for the polygon.

hatch_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The hatch alpha values for the polygon.

hatch_color = 'black'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The hatch color values for the polygon.

hatch_extra = {}¶

Type: Dict(String, Instance(Texture))

The hatch extra values for the polygon.

hatch_pattern = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

The hatch pattern values for the polygon.

hatch_scale = 12.0¶

Type: Size

The hatch scale values for the polygon.

hatch_weight = 1.0¶

Type: Size

The hatch weight values for the polygon.

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

line_alpha = 0.3¶

Type: Alpha

The line alpha values for the polygon.

line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: Enum(LineCap)

The line cap values for the polygon.

line_color = '#cccccc'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The line color values for the polygon.

line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPattern

The line dash values for the polygon.

line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: Int

The line dash offset values for the polygon.

line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: Enum(LineJoin)

The line join values for the polygon.

line_width = 1¶

Type: Float

The line width values for the polygon.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

xs = []¶

Type: Seq(Float)

The x-coordinates of the region to draw.

xs_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

The unit type for the xs attribute. Interpreted as data units by default.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

ys = []¶

Type: Seq(Float)

The y-coordinates of the region to draw.

ys_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

The unit type for the ys attribute. Interpreted as data units by default.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

Slope¶

class Slope(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Render a sloped line as an annotation.

See Slopes for information on plotting slopes.

JSON Prototype

{
  "coordinates": null,
  "gradient": null,
  "group": null,
  "id": "14189",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "level": "annotation",
  "line_alpha": 1.0,
  "line_cap": "butt",
  "line_color": "black",
  "line_dash": [],
  "line_dash_offset": 0,
  "line_join": "bevel",
  "line_width": 1,
  "name": null,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "visible": true,
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "y_intercept": null,
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

`gradient`	The gradient of the line, in data units
`y_intercept`	The y intercept of the line, in data units
`line_alpha`	The line alpha values for the line.
`line_dash`	The line dash values for the line.
`line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset values for the line.
`line_join`	The line join values for the line.
`line_width`	The line width values for the line.
`line_color`	The line color values for the line.
`line_cap`	The line cap values for the line.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

gradient = None¶

Type: Nullable(Float)

The gradient of the line, in data units

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

line_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The line alpha values for the line.

line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: Enum(LineCap)

The line cap values for the line.

line_color = 'black'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The line color values for the line.

line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPattern

The line dash values for the line.

line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: Int

The line dash offset values for the line.

line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: Enum(LineJoin)

The line join values for the line.

line_width = 1¶

Type: Float

The line width values for the line.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_intercept = None¶

Type: Nullable(Float)

The y intercept of the line, in data units

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

Span¶

class Span(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.models.annotations.Annotation, bokeh.models.annotations._HasRenderMode

Render a horizontal or vertical line span.

See Spans for information on plotting spans.

JSON Prototype

{
  "coordinates": null,
  "dimension": "width",
  "group": null,
  "id": "14206",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "level": "annotation",
  "line_alpha": 1.0,
  "line_cap": "butt",
  "line_color": "black",
  "line_dash": [],
  "line_dash_offset": 0,
  "line_join": "bevel",
  "line_width": 1,
  "location": null,
  "location_units": "data",
  "name": null,
  "render_mode": "canvas",
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "visible": true,
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

`location`	The location of the span, along `dimension`.
`location_units`	The unit type for the location attribute.
`dimension`	The direction of the span can be specified by setting this property to "height" (`y` direction) or "width" (`x` direction).
`line_alpha`	The line alpha values for the span.
`line_dash`	The line dash values for the span.
`line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset values for the span.
`line_join`	The line join values for the span.
`line_width`	The line width values for the span.
`line_color`	The line color values for the span.
`line_cap`	The line cap values for the span.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from _HasRenderMode

Specifies whether the contents are rendered to a canvas or as a HTML element overlaid on the canvas.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

dimension = 'width'¶

Type: Enum(Dimension)

The direction of the span can be specified by setting this property to “height” (y direction) or “width” (x direction).

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

line_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The line alpha values for the span.

line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: Enum(LineCap)

The line cap values for the span.

line_color = 'black'¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The line color values for the span.

line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPattern

The line dash values for the span.

line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: Int

The line dash offset values for the span.

line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: Enum(LineJoin)

The line join values for the span.

line_width = 1¶

Type: Float

The line width values for the span.

location = None¶

Type: Nullable(Float)

The location of the span, along dimension.

Datetime values are also accepted, but note that they are immediately converted to milliseconds-since-epoch.

location_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

The unit type for the location attribute. Interpreted as “data space” units by default.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

render_mode = 'canvas'¶

Type: Enum(RenderMode)

Specifies whether the contents are rendered to a canvas or as a HTML element overlaid on the canvas. The default mode is “canvas”.

Note

This property is deprecated and will be removed in bokeh 3.0.

Note

The HTML labels won’t be present in the output using the “save” tool.

Warning

Not all visual styling properties are supported if the render_mode is set to “css”. The border_line_dash property isn’t fully supported and border_line_dash_offset isn’t supported at all. Setting text_alpha will modify the opacity of the entire background box and border in addition to the text. Finally, clipping Label annotations inside of the plot area isn’t supported in “css” mode.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

TextAnnotation¶

class TextAnnotation(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.models.annotations.Annotation, bokeh.models.annotations._HasRenderMode

Base class for text annotation models such as labels and titles.

Note

This is an abstract base class used to help organize the hierarchy of Bokeh model types. It is not useful to instantiate on its own.

JSON Prototype

{
  "coordinates": null,
  "group": null,
  "id": "14225",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "level": "annotation",
  "name": null,
  "render_mode": "canvas",
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "visible": true,
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from _HasRenderMode

Specifies whether the contents are rendered to a canvas or as a HTML element overlaid on the canvas.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

render_mode = 'canvas'¶

Type: Enum(RenderMode)

Specifies whether the contents are rendered to a canvas or as a HTML element overlaid on the canvas. The default mode is “canvas”.

Note

This property is deprecated and will be removed in bokeh 3.0.

Note

The HTML labels won’t be present in the output using the “save” tool.

Warning

Not all visual styling properties are supported if the render_mode is set to “css”. The border_line_dash property isn’t fully supported and border_line_dash_offset isn’t supported at all. Setting text_alpha will modify the opacity of the entire background box and border in addition to the text. Finally, clipping Label annotations inside of the plot area isn’t supported in “css” mode.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

Title¶

class Title(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.models.annotations.TextAnnotation

Render a single title box as an annotation.

See Titles for information on plotting titles.

JSON Prototype

{
  "align": "left",
  "background_fill_alpha": 1.0,
  "background_fill_color": null,
  "border_line_alpha": 1.0,
  "border_line_cap": "butt",
  "border_line_color": null,
  "border_line_dash": [],
  "border_line_dash_offset": 0,
  "border_line_join": "bevel",
  "border_line_width": 1,
  "coordinates": null,
  "group": null,
  "id": "14234",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "level": "annotation",
  "name": null,
  "offset": 0,
  "render_mode": "canvas",
  "standoff": 10,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "text": "",
  "text_alpha": 1.0,
  "text_color": "#444444",
  "text_font": "helvetica",
  "text_font_size": "13px",
  "text_font_style": "bold",
  "text_line_height": 1.0,
  "vertical_align": "bottom",
  "visible": true,
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

`text`	The text value to render.
`vertical_align`	Alignment of the text in its enclosing space, across the direction of the text.
`align`	Alignment of the text in its enclosing space, along the direction of the text.
`text_line_height`	How much additional space should be allocated for the title.
`offset`	Offset the text by a number of pixels (can be positive or negative).
`standoff`
`text_font`	Name of a font to use for rendering text, e.g., `'times'`, `'helvetica'`.
`text_font_size`
`text_font_style`	A style to use for rendering text.
`text_color`	A color to use to fill text with.
`text_alpha`	An alpha value to use to fill text with.
`background_fill_color`	The fill color values for the text bounding box.
`background_fill_alpha`	The fill alpha values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_alpha`	The line alpha values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_dash`	The line dash values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_join`	The line join values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_width`	The line width values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_color`	The line color values for the text bounding box.
`border_line_cap`	The line cap values for the text bounding box.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from _HasRenderMode

Specifies whether the contents are rendered to a canvas or as a HTML element overlaid on the canvas.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

align = 'left'¶

Type: Enum(TextAlign)

Alignment of the text in its enclosing space, along the direction of the text.

background_fill_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The fill alpha values for the text bounding box.

background_fill_color = None¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The fill color values for the text bounding box.

border_line_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

The line alpha values for the text bounding box.

border_line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: Enum(LineCap)

The line cap values for the text bounding box.

border_line_color = None¶

Type: Nullable(Color)

The line color values for the text bounding box.

border_line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPattern

The line dash values for the text bounding box.

border_line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: Int

The line dash offset values for the text bounding box.

border_line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: Enum(LineJoin)

The line join values for the text bounding box.

border_line_width = 1¶

Type: Float

The line width values for the text bounding box.

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

offset = 0¶

Type: Float

Offset the text by a number of pixels (can be positive or negative). Shifts the text in different directions based on the location of the title:

above: shifts title right

right: shifts title down

below: shifts title right

left: shifts title up

render_mode = 'canvas'¶

Type: Enum(RenderMode)

Specifies whether the contents are rendered to a canvas or as a HTML element overlaid on the canvas. The default mode is “canvas”.

Note

This property is deprecated and will be removed in bokeh 3.0.

Note

The HTML labels won’t be present in the output using the “save” tool.

Warning

Not all visual styling properties are supported if the render_mode is set to “css”. The border_line_dash property isn’t fully supported and border_line_dash_offset isn’t supported at all. Setting text_alpha will modify the opacity of the entire background box and border in addition to the text. Finally, clipping Label annotations inside of the plot area isn’t supported in “css” mode.

standoff = 10¶

Type: Float

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

text = ''¶

Type: String

The text value to render.

text_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: Alpha

An alpha value to use to fill text with.

Acceptable values are floating-point numbers between 0 and 1 (0 being transparent and 1 being opaque).

text_color = '#444444'¶

Type: Color

A color to use to fill text with.

Acceptable values are:

any of the named CSS colors, e.g 'green', 'indigo'
RGB(A) hex strings, e.g., '#FF0000', '#44444444'
CSS4 color strings, e.g., 'rgba(255, 0, 127, 0.6)', 'rgb(0 127 0 / 1.0)', or 'hsl(60deg 100% 50% / 1.0)'
a 3-tuple of integers (r, g, b) between 0 and 255
a 4-tuple of (r, g, b, a) where r, g, b are integers between 0 and 255, and a is between 0 and 1
a 32-bit unsigned integer using the 0xRRGGBBAA byte order pattern

text_font = 'helvetica'¶

Type: String

Name of a font to use for rendering text, e.g., 'times', 'helvetica'.

text_font_style = 'bold'¶

Type: Enum(FontStyle)

A style to use for rendering text.

Acceptable values are:

'normal' normal text
'italic' italic text
'bold' bold text

text_line_height = 1.0¶

Type: Float

How much additional space should be allocated for the title. The value is provided as a number, but should be treated as a percentage of font size. The default is 100%, which means no additional space will be used.

vertical_align = 'bottom'¶

Type: Enum(VerticalAlign)

Alignment of the text in its enclosing space, across the direction of the text.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

ToolbarPanel¶

class ToolbarPanel(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

JSON Prototype

{
  "coordinates": null,
  "group": null,
  "id": "14262",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "level": "annotation",
  "name": null,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "visible": true,
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

toolbar

A toolbar to display.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

level = 'annotation'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

toolbar = Undefined¶

Type: Instance(Toolbar)

A toolbar to display.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

Tooltip¶

class Tooltip(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Render a tooltip.

Note

This model is currently managed by BokehJS and is not useful directly from python.

JSON Prototype

{
  "attachment": "horizontal",
  "coordinates": null,
  "group": null,
  "id": "14271",
  "inner_only": true,
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "level": "overlay",
  "name": null,
  "show_arrow": true,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "visible": true,
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

`attachment`	Whether the tooltip should be displayed to the left or right of the cursor position or above or below it, or if it should be automatically placed in the horizontal or vertical dimension.
`inner_only`	Whether to display outside a central plot frame area.
`show_arrow`	Whether tooltip's arrow should be shown.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

attachment = 'horizontal'¶

Type: Enum(TooltipAttachment)

Whether the tooltip should be displayed to the left or right of the cursor position or above or below it, or if it should be automatically placed in the horizontal or vertical dimension.

inner_only = True¶

Type: Bool

Whether to display outside a central plot frame area.

level = 'overlay'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

show_arrow = True¶

Type: Bool

Whether tooltip’s arrow should be shown.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

references() → Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]¶: Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) → None¶: Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) → Iterable[Model]¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters: selector (JSON-like) –
Returns: seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) → Model | None¶

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns: Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters

name – (str) : name of the attribute to set
json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) → None¶

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –
updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() → Dict[str, Unknown] | None¶

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns: dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) → JSON¶

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) → str¶

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

unapply_theme() → None¶

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns: None

update(**kwargs: Any) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns: None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)

update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) → None¶

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters

json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update
models (dict or None, optional) –
Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.
setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –
This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None¶: The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson¶

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

Whisker¶

class Whisker(*args, **kwargs)[source]¶

Bases: bokeh.models.annotations.DataAnnotation

Render a whisker along a dimension.

See Whiskers for information on plotting whiskers.

JSON Prototype

{
  "base": {
    "field": "base"
  },
  "coordinates": null,
  "dimension": "height",
  "group": null,
  "id": "14282",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "level": "underlay",
  "line_alpha": {
    "value": 1.0
  },
  "line_cap": {
    "value": "butt"
  },
  "line_color": {
    "value": "black"
  },
  "line_dash": {
    "value": []
  },
  "line_dash_offset": {
    "value": 0
  },
  "line_join": {
    "value": "bevel"
  },
  "line_width": {
    "value": 1
  },
  "lower": {
    "field": "lower"
  },
  "lower_head": {
    "id": "14283"
  },
  "name": null,
  "source": {
    "id": "14285"
  },
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": [],
  "upper": {
    "field": "upper"
  },
  "upper_head": {
    "id": "14284"
  },
  "visible": true,
  "x_range_name": "default",
  "y_range_name": "default"
}

Public Data Attributes:

`lower_units`	Units to use for the associated property: screen or data
`lower`	The coordinates of the lower end of the whiskers.
`lower_head`	Instance of `ArrowHead`.
`upper_units`	Units to use for the associated property: screen or data
`upper`	The coordinates of the upper end of the whiskers.
`upper_head`	Instance of `ArrowHead`.
`base_units`	Units to use for the associated property: screen or data
`base`	The orthogonal coordinates of the upper and lower values.
`dimension`	The direction of the whisker can be specified by setting this property to "height" (`y` direction) or "width" (`x` direction).
`line_alpha`	The line alpha values for the whisker body.
`line_dash`	The line dash values for the whisker body.
`line_dash_offset`	The line dash offset values for the whisker body.
`line_join`	The line join values for the whisker body.
`line_width`	The line width values for the whisker body.
`line_color`	The line color values for the whisker body.
`line_cap`	The line cap values for the whisker body.

Inherited from DataAnnotation

Local data source to use when rendering annotations on the plot.

Inherited from Renderer

`level`	Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.
`visible`	Is the renderer visible.
`coordinates`
`x_range_name`	A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`y_range_name`	A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot.
`group`

Inherited from Model

`model_class_reverse_map`
`id`
`ref`
`struct`	A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.
`name`	An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.
`tags`	An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.
`js_event_callbacks`	A mapping of event names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks.
`subscribed_events`	List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.
`js_property_callbacks`	A mapping of attribute names to lists of `CustomJS` callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.
`syncable`	Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

`__init_subclass__`()
`__new__`(cls, args, *kwargs)
`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`destroy`()	Clean up references to the document and property
`js_on_event`(event, *callbacks)
`js_link`(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])	Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.
`js_on_change`(event, *callbacks)	Attach a `CustomJS` callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`references`()	Returns all `Models` that this object has references to.
`select`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`select_one`(selector)	Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.
`set_select`(selector, updates)	Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.
`to_json`(include_defaults)	Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).
`to_json_string`(include_defaults)	Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`__setattr__`(name, value)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__getattr__`(name)	Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:
`__str__`()	Return str(self).
`__repr__`()	Return repr(self).
`equals`(other)	Structural equality of models.
`static_to_serializable`(serializer)
`to_serializable`(serializer)
`set_from_json`(name, json, *[, models, setter])	Set a property value on this object from JSON.
`update`(**kwargs)	Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.
`update_from_json`(json_attributes, *[, ...])	Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.
`lookup`(name, *[, raises])	Find the `PropertyDescriptor` for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.
`properties`(*[, _with_props])	Collect the names of properties on this class.
`properties_with_refs`()	Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.
`dataspecs`()	Collect the names of all `DataSpec` properties on this class.
`properties_with_values`(*[, ...])	Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.
`query_properties_with_values`(query, *[, ...])	Query the properties values of `HasProps` instances with a predicate.
`themed_values`()	Get any theme-provided overrides.
`apply_theme`(property_values)	Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.
`unapply_theme`()	Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Add a callback on this object to trigger when `attr` changes.
`remove_on_change`(attr, *callbacks)	Remove a callback from this object
`trigger`(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

`__init__`(**kwargs)
`on_event`(event, *callbacks)	Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

base = {'field': 'base'}¶

Type: PropertyUnitsSpec

The orthogonal coordinates of the upper and lower values.

base_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

Units to use for the associated property: screen or data

dimension = 'height'¶

Type: Enum(Dimension)

The direction of the whisker can be specified by setting this property to “height” (y direction) or “width” (x direction).

level = 'underlay'¶

Type: Enum(RenderLevel)

Specifies the level in which to paint this renderer.

line_alpha = 1.0¶

Type: AlphaSpec

The line alpha values for the whisker body.

line_cap = 'butt'¶

Type: LineCapSpec

The line cap values for the whisker body.

line_color = 'black'¶

Type: ColorSpec

The line color values for the whisker body.

line_dash = []¶

Type: DashPatternSpec

The line dash values for the whisker body.

line_dash_offset = 0¶

Type: IntSpec

The line dash offset values for the whisker body.

line_join = 'bevel'¶

Type: LineJoinSpec

The line join values for the whisker body.

line_width = 1¶

Type: NumberSpec

The line width values for the whisker body.

lower = {'field': 'lower'}¶

Type: PropertyUnitsSpec

The coordinates of the lower end of the whiskers.

lower_head = TeeHead(id='14299', ...)¶

Type: Nullable(Instance(ArrowHead))

Instance of ArrowHead.

lower_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

Units to use for the associated property: screen or data

name = None¶

Type: Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

source = ColumnDataSource(id='14303', ...)¶

Type: Instance(DataSource)

Local data source to use when rendering annotations on the plot.

syncable = True¶

Type: Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []¶

Type: List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

upper = {'field': 'upper'}¶

Type: PropertyUnitsSpec

The coordinates of the upper end of the whiskers.

upper_head = TeeHead(id='14308', ...)¶

Type: Nullable(Instance(ArrowHead))

Instance of ArrowHead.

upper_units = 'data'¶

Type: Enum(SpatialUnits)

Units to use for the associated property: screen or data

visible = True¶

Type: Bool

Is the renderer visible.

x_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) x-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default x-range.

y_range_name = 'default'¶

Type: String

A particular (named) y-range to use for computing screen locations when rendering glyphs on the plot. If unset, use the default y-range.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) → None¶

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters: property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults
Returns: None

classmethod dataspecs() → Dict[str, DataSpec]¶

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of DataSpec properties
Return type: set[str]

destroy() → None¶: Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) → bool¶

Structural equality of models.

Parameters: other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to
Returns: True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

js_link(attr: str, other: Model, other_attr: str, attr_selector: int | str | None = None) → None¶

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters

attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model
other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr
other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together
attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises: ValueError –

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)

js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) → None¶

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)

classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) → PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None¶

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters

name (str) – name of the property to search for
raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) → None¶

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters

attr (str) – an attribute name on this object
*callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)

on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) → None¶

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) → Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]¶

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns: property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() → Dict[str, Property[Any]]¶

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns: names of properties that have references
Return type: set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters: include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)
Returns: mapping from property names to their values
Return type: dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) → Dict[str, Any]¶

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters

query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False
include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type