mappers

Models for mapping values from one range or space to another in the client.

Mappers (as opposed to scales) are not presumed to be invertible.

CategoricalColorMapper

class CategoricalColorMapper(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: bokeh.models.mappers.CategoricalMapper, bokeh.models.mappers.ColorMapper

Map categorical factors to colors.

Values that are passed to this mapper that are not in the factors list will be mapped to nan_color.

JSON Prototype
{
  "end": null,
  "id": "18661",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "name": null,
  "nan_color": "gray",
  "start": 0,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

Inherited from CategoricalMapper

factors

A sequence of factors / categories that map to the some target range.

start

A start index to "slice" data factors with before mapping.

end

A start index to "slice" data factors with before mapping.

Inherited from ColorMapper

palette

A sequence of colors to use as the target palette for mapping.

nan_color

Color to be used if data is NaN or otherwise not mappable.

Inherited from Model

model_class_reverse_map

id

ref

struct

A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.

name

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

tags

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

js_event_callbacks

A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.

subscribed_events

List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.

js_property_callbacks

A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.

syncable

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from ColorMapper

__init__([palette])

Inherited from Model

__init_subclass__()

__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)

__init__([palette])

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

destroy()

Clean up references to the document and property

js_on_event(event, *callbacks)

js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

js_on_change(event, *callbacks)

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

references()

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

select(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

select_one(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

set_select(selector, updates)

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

to_json(include_defaults)

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

to_json_string(include_defaults)

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

__init__([palette])

__setattr__(name, value)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__getattr__(name)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

equals(other)

Structural equality of models.

static_to_serializable(serializer)

to_serializable(serializer)

set_from_json(name, json, *[, models, setter])

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

update(**kwargs)

Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.

update_from_json(json_attributes, *[, ...])

Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

lookup(name, *[, raises])

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

properties(*[, _with_props])

Collect the names of properties on this class.

properties_with_refs()

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

dataspecs()

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

properties_with_values(*[, ...])

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

themed_values()

Get any theme-provided overrides.

apply_theme(property_values)

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

unapply_theme()

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__([palette])

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

__init__([palette])

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Remove a callback from this object

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

__init__([palette])

on_event(event, *callbacks)

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model


end = None
Type

Nullable(Int)

A start index to “slice” data factors with before mapping.

For example, if the data to color map consists of 2-level factors such as ["2016", "sales"] and ["2017", "marketing"], then setting end=1 will perform color mapping only based on the first sub-factor (i.e. in this case based on the year "2016" or "2017")

If None then all sub-factors from start to the end of the factor will be used for color mapping.

factors = Undefined
Type

FactorSeq

A sequence of factors / categories that map to the some target range. For example the following color mapper:

mapper = CategoricalColorMapper(palette=["red", "blue"], factors=["foo", "bar"])

will map the factor "foo" to red and the factor "bar" to blue.

name = None
Type

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

nan_color = 'gray'
Type

Color

Color to be used if data is NaN or otherwise not mappable.

Acceptable values are:

  • any of the named CSS colors, e.g 'green', 'indigo'

  • RGB(A) hex strings, e.g., '#FF0000', '#44444444'

  • CSS4 color strings, e.g., 'rgba(255, 0, 127, 0.6)', 'rgb(0 127 0 / 1.0)', or 'hsl(60deg 100% 50% / 1.0)'

  • a 3-tuple of integers (r, g, b) between 0 and 255

  • a 4-tuple of (r, g, b, a) where r, g, b are integers between 0 and 255, and a is between 0 and 1

  • a 32-bit unsigned integer using the 0xRRGGBBAA byte order pattern

palette = Undefined
Type

Seq(Color)

A sequence of colors to use as the target palette for mapping.

This property can also be set as a String, to the name of any of the palettes shown in bokeh.palettes.

start = 0
Type

Int

A start index to “slice” data factors with before mapping.

For example, if the data to color map consists of 2-level factors such as ["2016", "sales"] and ["2016", "marketing"], then setting start=1 will perform color mapping only based on the second sub-factor (i.e. in this case based on the department "sales" or "marketing")

syncable = True
Type

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []
Type

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns

None

classmethod dataspecs() Dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of DataSpec properties

Return type

set[str]

destroy() None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

  • other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

  • other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

  • attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises

ValueError

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)
js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)
classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters
  • name (str) – name of the property to search for

  • raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

  • *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)
on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() Dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of properties that have references

Return type

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns

mapping from property names to their values

Return type

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters
  • query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

  • include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns

Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters
  • name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

  • json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters
  • selector (JSON-like) –

  • updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() Dict[str, Unknown] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns

dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) JSON

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) str

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None
unapply_theme() None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns

None

update(**kwargs: Any) None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)
update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters
  • json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

CategoricalMapper

class CategoricalMapper(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: bokeh.models.mappers.Mapper

Base class for mappers that map categorical factors to other values.

Note

This is an abstract base class used to help organize the hierarchy of Bokeh model types. It is not useful to instantiate on its own.

JSON Prototype
{
  "end": null,
  "id": "18670",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "name": null,
  "start": 0,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

factors

A sequence of factors / categories that map to the some target range.

start

A start index to "slice" data factors with before mapping.

end

A start index to "slice" data factors with before mapping.

Inherited from Model

model_class_reverse_map

id

ref

struct

A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.

name

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

tags

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

js_event_callbacks

A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.

subscribed_events

List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.

js_property_callbacks

A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.

syncable

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

__init_subclass__()

__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)

__init__(**kwargs)

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

destroy()

Clean up references to the document and property

js_on_event(event, *callbacks)

js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

js_on_change(event, *callbacks)

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

references()

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

select(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

select_one(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

set_select(selector, updates)

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

to_json(include_defaults)

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

to_json_string(include_defaults)

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

__init__(**kwargs)

__setattr__(name, value)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__getattr__(name)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

equals(other)

Structural equality of models.

static_to_serializable(serializer)

to_serializable(serializer)

set_from_json(name, json, *[, models, setter])

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

update(**kwargs)

Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.

update_from_json(json_attributes, *[, ...])

Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

lookup(name, *[, raises])

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

properties(*[, _with_props])

Collect the names of properties on this class.

properties_with_refs()

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

dataspecs()

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

properties_with_values(*[, ...])

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

themed_values()

Get any theme-provided overrides.

apply_theme(property_values)

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

unapply_theme()

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

__init__(**kwargs)

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Remove a callback from this object

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

__init__(**kwargs)

on_event(event, *callbacks)

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model


end = None
Type

Nullable(Int)

A start index to “slice” data factors with before mapping.

For example, if the data to color map consists of 2-level factors such as ["2016", "sales"] and ["2017", "marketing"], then setting end=1 will perform color mapping only based on the first sub-factor (i.e. in this case based on the year "2016" or "2017")

If None then all sub-factors from start to the end of the factor will be used for color mapping.

factors = Undefined
Type

FactorSeq

A sequence of factors / categories that map to the some target range. For example the following color mapper:

mapper = CategoricalColorMapper(palette=["red", "blue"], factors=["foo", "bar"])

will map the factor "foo" to red and the factor "bar" to blue.

name = None
Type

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

start = 0
Type

Int

A start index to “slice” data factors with before mapping.

For example, if the data to color map consists of 2-level factors such as ["2016", "sales"] and ["2016", "marketing"], then setting start=1 will perform color mapping only based on the second sub-factor (i.e. in this case based on the department "sales" or "marketing")

syncable = True
Type

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []
Type

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns

None

classmethod dataspecs() Dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of DataSpec properties

Return type

set[str]

destroy() None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

  • other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

  • other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

  • attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises

ValueError

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)
js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)
classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters
  • name (str) – name of the property to search for

  • raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

  • *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)
on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() Dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of properties that have references

Return type

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns

mapping from property names to their values

Return type

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters
  • query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

  • include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns

Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters
  • name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

  • json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters
  • selector (JSON-like) –

  • updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() Dict[str, Unknown] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns

dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) JSON

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) str

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None
unapply_theme() None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns

None

update(**kwargs: Any) None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)
update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters
  • json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

CategoricalMarkerMapper

class CategoricalMarkerMapper(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: bokeh.models.mappers.CategoricalMapper

Map categorical factors to marker types.

Values that are passed to this mapper that are not in the factors list will be mapped to default_value.

Note

This mappers is primarily only useful with the Scatter marker glyph that be parameterized by marker type.

JSON Prototype
{
  "default_value": "circle",
  "end": null,
  "id": "18677",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "name": null,
  "start": 0,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

markers

A sequence of marker types to use as the target for mapping.

default_value

A marker type to use in case an unrecognized factor is passed in to be mapped.

Inherited from CategoricalMapper

factors

A sequence of factors / categories that map to the some target range.

start

A start index to "slice" data factors with before mapping.

end

A start index to "slice" data factors with before mapping.

Inherited from Model

model_class_reverse_map

id

ref

struct

A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.

name

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

tags

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

js_event_callbacks

A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.

subscribed_events

List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.

js_property_callbacks

A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.

syncable

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

__init_subclass__()

__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)

__init__(**kwargs)

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

destroy()

Clean up references to the document and property

js_on_event(event, *callbacks)

js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

js_on_change(event, *callbacks)

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

references()

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

select(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

select_one(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

set_select(selector, updates)

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

to_json(include_defaults)

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

to_json_string(include_defaults)

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

__init__(**kwargs)

__setattr__(name, value)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__getattr__(name)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

equals(other)

Structural equality of models.

static_to_serializable(serializer)

to_serializable(serializer)

set_from_json(name, json, *[, models, setter])

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

update(**kwargs)

Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.

update_from_json(json_attributes, *[, ...])

Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

lookup(name, *[, raises])

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

properties(*[, _with_props])

Collect the names of properties on this class.

properties_with_refs()

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

dataspecs()

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

properties_with_values(*[, ...])

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

themed_values()

Get any theme-provided overrides.

apply_theme(property_values)

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

unapply_theme()

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

__init__(**kwargs)

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Remove a callback from this object

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

__init__(**kwargs)

on_event(event, *callbacks)

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model


default_value = 'circle'
Type

MarkerType

A marker type to use in case an unrecognized factor is passed in to be mapped.

end = None
Type

Nullable(Int)

A start index to “slice” data factors with before mapping.

For example, if the data to color map consists of 2-level factors such as ["2016", "sales"] and ["2017", "marketing"], then setting end=1 will perform color mapping only based on the first sub-factor (i.e. in this case based on the year "2016" or "2017")

If None then all sub-factors from start to the end of the factor will be used for color mapping.

factors = Undefined
Type

FactorSeq

A sequence of factors / categories that map to the some target range. For example the following color mapper:

mapper = CategoricalColorMapper(palette=["red", "blue"], factors=["foo", "bar"])

will map the factor "foo" to red and the factor "bar" to blue.

markers = Undefined
Type

Seq(MarkerType)

A sequence of marker types to use as the target for mapping.

name = None
Type

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

start = 0
Type

Int

A start index to “slice” data factors with before mapping.

For example, if the data to color map consists of 2-level factors such as ["2016", "sales"] and ["2016", "marketing"], then setting start=1 will perform color mapping only based on the second sub-factor (i.e. in this case based on the department "sales" or "marketing")

syncable = True
Type

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []
Type

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns

None

classmethod dataspecs() Dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of DataSpec properties

Return type

set[str]

destroy() None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

  • other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

  • other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

  • attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises

ValueError

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)
js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)
classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters
  • name (str) – name of the property to search for

  • raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

  • *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)
on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() Dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of properties that have references

Return type

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns

mapping from property names to their values

Return type

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters
  • query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

  • include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns

Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters
  • name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

  • json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters
  • selector (JSON-like) –

  • updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() Dict[str, Unknown] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns

dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) JSON

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) str

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None
unapply_theme() None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns

None

update(**kwargs: Any) None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)
update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters
  • json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

CategoricalPatternMapper

class CategoricalPatternMapper(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: bokeh.models.mappers.CategoricalMapper

Map categorical factors to hatch fill patterns.

Values that are passed to this mapper that are not in the factors list will be mapped to default_value.

Added in version 1.1.1

JSON Prototype
{
  "default_value": " ",
  "end": null,
  "id": "18686",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "name": null,
  "start": 0,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

patterns

A sequence of marker types to use as the target for mapping.

default_value

A hatch pattern to use in case an unrecognized factor is passed in to be mapped.

Inherited from CategoricalMapper

factors

A sequence of factors / categories that map to the some target range.

start

A start index to "slice" data factors with before mapping.

end

A start index to "slice" data factors with before mapping.

Inherited from Model

model_class_reverse_map

id

ref

struct

A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.

name

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

tags

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

js_event_callbacks

A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.

subscribed_events

List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.

js_property_callbacks

A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.

syncable

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

__init_subclass__()

__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)

__init__(**kwargs)

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

destroy()

Clean up references to the document and property

js_on_event(event, *callbacks)

js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

js_on_change(event, *callbacks)

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

references()

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

select(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

select_one(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

set_select(selector, updates)

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

to_json(include_defaults)

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

to_json_string(include_defaults)

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

__init__(**kwargs)

__setattr__(name, value)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__getattr__(name)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

equals(other)

Structural equality of models.

static_to_serializable(serializer)

to_serializable(serializer)

set_from_json(name, json, *[, models, setter])

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

update(**kwargs)

Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.

update_from_json(json_attributes, *[, ...])

Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

lookup(name, *[, raises])

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

properties(*[, _with_props])

Collect the names of properties on this class.

properties_with_refs()

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

dataspecs()

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

properties_with_values(*[, ...])

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

themed_values()

Get any theme-provided overrides.

apply_theme(property_values)

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

unapply_theme()

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

__init__(**kwargs)

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Remove a callback from this object

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

__init__(**kwargs)

on_event(event, *callbacks)

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model


default_value = ' '
Type

HatchPatternType

A hatch pattern to use in case an unrecognized factor is passed in to be mapped.

end = None
Type

Nullable(Int)

A start index to “slice” data factors with before mapping.

For example, if the data to color map consists of 2-level factors such as ["2016", "sales"] and ["2017", "marketing"], then setting end=1 will perform color mapping only based on the first sub-factor (i.e. in this case based on the year "2016" or "2017")

If None then all sub-factors from start to the end of the factor will be used for color mapping.

factors = Undefined
Type

FactorSeq

A sequence of factors / categories that map to the some target range. For example the following color mapper:

mapper = CategoricalColorMapper(palette=["red", "blue"], factors=["foo", "bar"])

will map the factor "foo" to red and the factor "bar" to blue.

name = None
Type

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

patterns = Undefined
Type

Seq(HatchPatternType)

A sequence of marker types to use as the target for mapping.

start = 0
Type

Int

A start index to “slice” data factors with before mapping.

For example, if the data to color map consists of 2-level factors such as ["2016", "sales"] and ["2016", "marketing"], then setting start=1 will perform color mapping only based on the second sub-factor (i.e. in this case based on the department "sales" or "marketing")

syncable = True
Type

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []
Type

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns

None

classmethod dataspecs() Dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of DataSpec properties

Return type

set[str]

destroy() None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

  • other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

  • other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

  • attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises

ValueError

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)
js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)
classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters
  • name (str) – name of the property to search for

  • raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

  • *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)
on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() Dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of properties that have references

Return type

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns

mapping from property names to their values

Return type

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters
  • query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

  • include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns

Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters
  • name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

  • json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters
  • selector (JSON-like) –

  • updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() Dict[str, Unknown] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns

dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) JSON

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) str

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None
unapply_theme() None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns

None

update(**kwargs: Any) None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)
update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters
  • json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

ColorMapper

class ColorMapper(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: bokeh.models.mappers.Mapper

Base class for color mapper types.

Note

This is an abstract base class used to help organize the hierarchy of Bokeh model types. It is not useful to instantiate on its own.

JSON Prototype
{
  "id": "18695",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "name": null,
  "nan_color": "gray",
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

palette

A sequence of colors to use as the target palette for mapping.

nan_color

Color to be used if data is NaN or otherwise not mappable.

Inherited from Model

model_class_reverse_map

id

ref

struct

A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.

name

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

tags

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

js_event_callbacks

A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.

subscribed_events

List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.

js_property_callbacks

A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.

syncable

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

__init__([palette])

Inherited from Model

__init_subclass__()

__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)

__init__([palette])

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

destroy()

Clean up references to the document and property

js_on_event(event, *callbacks)

js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

js_on_change(event, *callbacks)

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

references()

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

select(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

select_one(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

set_select(selector, updates)

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

to_json(include_defaults)

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

to_json_string(include_defaults)

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

__init__([palette])

__setattr__(name, value)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__getattr__(name)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

equals(other)

Structural equality of models.

static_to_serializable(serializer)

to_serializable(serializer)

set_from_json(name, json, *[, models, setter])

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

update(**kwargs)

Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.

update_from_json(json_attributes, *[, ...])

Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

lookup(name, *[, raises])

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

properties(*[, _with_props])

Collect the names of properties on this class.

properties_with_refs()

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

dataspecs()

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

properties_with_values(*[, ...])

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

themed_values()

Get any theme-provided overrides.

apply_theme(property_values)

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

unapply_theme()

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__([palette])

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

__init__([palette])

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Remove a callback from this object

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

__init__([palette])

on_event(event, *callbacks)

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model


name = None
Type

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

nan_color = 'gray'
Type

Color

Color to be used if data is NaN or otherwise not mappable.

Acceptable values are:

  • any of the named CSS colors, e.g 'green', 'indigo'

  • RGB(A) hex strings, e.g., '#FF0000', '#44444444'

  • CSS4 color strings, e.g., 'rgba(255, 0, 127, 0.6)', 'rgb(0 127 0 / 1.0)', or 'hsl(60deg 100% 50% / 1.0)'

  • a 3-tuple of integers (r, g, b) between 0 and 255

  • a 4-tuple of (r, g, b, a) where r, g, b are integers between 0 and 255, and a is between 0 and 1

  • a 32-bit unsigned integer using the 0xRRGGBBAA byte order pattern

palette = Undefined
Type

Seq(Color)

A sequence of colors to use as the target palette for mapping.

This property can also be set as a String, to the name of any of the palettes shown in bokeh.palettes.

syncable = True
Type

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []
Type

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns

None

classmethod dataspecs() Dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of DataSpec properties

Return type

set[str]

destroy() None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

  • other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

  • other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

  • attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises

ValueError

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)
js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)
classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters
  • name (str) – name of the property to search for

  • raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

  • *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)
on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() Dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of properties that have references

Return type

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns

mapping from property names to their values

Return type

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters
  • query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

  • include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns

Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters
  • name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

  • json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters
  • selector (JSON-like) –

  • updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() Dict[str, Unknown] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns

dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) JSON

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) str

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None
unapply_theme() None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns

None

update(**kwargs: Any) None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)
update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters
  • json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

ContinuousColorMapper

class ContinuousColorMapper(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: bokeh.models.mappers.ColorMapper

Base class for continuous color mapper types.

Note

This is an abstract base class used to help organize the hierarchy of Bokeh model types. It is not useful to instantiate on its own.

JSON Prototype
{
  "domain": [],
  "high": null,
  "high_color": null,
  "id": "18701",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "low": null,
  "low_color": null,
  "name": null,
  "nan_color": "gray",
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

domain

A collection of glyph renderers to pool data from for establishing data metrics.

low

The minimum value of the range to map into the palette.

high

The maximum value of the range to map into the palette.

low_color

Color to be used if data is lower than low value.

high_color

Color to be used if data is higher than high value.

Inherited from ColorMapper

palette

A sequence of colors to use as the target palette for mapping.

nan_color

Color to be used if data is NaN or otherwise not mappable.

Inherited from Model

model_class_reverse_map

id

ref

struct

A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.

name

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

tags

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

js_event_callbacks

A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.

subscribed_events

List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.

js_property_callbacks

A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.

syncable

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from ColorMapper

__init__([palette])

Inherited from Model

__init_subclass__()

__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)

__init__([palette])

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

destroy()

Clean up references to the document and property

js_on_event(event, *callbacks)

js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

js_on_change(event, *callbacks)

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

references()

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

select(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

select_one(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

set_select(selector, updates)

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

to_json(include_defaults)

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

to_json_string(include_defaults)

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

__init__([palette])

__setattr__(name, value)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__getattr__(name)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

equals(other)

Structural equality of models.

static_to_serializable(serializer)

to_serializable(serializer)

set_from_json(name, json, *[, models, setter])

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

update(**kwargs)

Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.

update_from_json(json_attributes, *[, ...])

Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

lookup(name, *[, raises])

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

properties(*[, _with_props])

Collect the names of properties on this class.

properties_with_refs()

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

dataspecs()

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

properties_with_values(*[, ...])

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

themed_values()

Get any theme-provided overrides.

apply_theme(property_values)

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

unapply_theme()

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__([palette])

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

__init__([palette])

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Remove a callback from this object

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

__init__([palette])

on_event(event, *callbacks)

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model


domain = []
Type

List

A collection of glyph renderers to pool data from for establishing data metrics. If empty, mapped data will be used instead.

high = None
Type

Nullable(Float)

The maximum value of the range to map into the palette. Values above this are clamped to high. If None, the value is inferred from data.

high_color = None
Type

Nullable(Color)

Color to be used if data is higher than high value. If None, values higher than high are mapped to the last color in the palette.

low = None
Type

Nullable(Float)

The minimum value of the range to map into the palette. Values below this are clamped to low. If None, the value is inferred from data.

low_color = None
Type

Nullable(Color)

Color to be used if data is lower than low value. If None, values lower than low are mapped to the first color in the palette.

name = None
Type

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

nan_color = 'gray'
Type

Color

Color to be used if data is NaN or otherwise not mappable.

Acceptable values are:

  • any of the named CSS colors, e.g 'green', 'indigo'

  • RGB(A) hex strings, e.g., '#FF0000', '#44444444'

  • CSS4 color strings, e.g., 'rgba(255, 0, 127, 0.6)', 'rgb(0 127 0 / 1.0)', or 'hsl(60deg 100% 50% / 1.0)'

  • a 3-tuple of integers (r, g, b) between 0 and 255

  • a 4-tuple of (r, g, b, a) where r, g, b are integers between 0 and 255, and a is between 0 and 1

  • a 32-bit unsigned integer using the 0xRRGGBBAA byte order pattern

palette = Undefined
Type

Seq(Color)

A sequence of colors to use as the target palette for mapping.

This property can also be set as a String, to the name of any of the palettes shown in bokeh.palettes.

syncable = True
Type

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []
Type

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns

None

classmethod dataspecs() Dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of DataSpec properties

Return type

set[str]

destroy() None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

  • other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

  • other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

  • attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises

ValueError

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)
js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)
classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters
  • name (str) – name of the property to search for

  • raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

  • *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)
on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() Dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of properties that have references

Return type

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns

mapping from property names to their values

Return type

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters
  • query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

  • include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns

Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters
  • name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

  • json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters
  • selector (JSON-like) –

  • updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() Dict[str, Unknown] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns

dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) JSON

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) str

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None
unapply_theme() None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns

None

update(**kwargs: Any) None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)
update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters
  • json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

EqHistColorMapper

class EqHistColorMapper(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: bokeh.models.mappers.ScanningColorMapper

JSON Prototype
{
  "bins": 65536,
  "domain": [],
  "high": null,
  "high_color": null,
  "id": "18712",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "low": null,
  "low_color": null,
  "name": null,
  "nan_color": "gray",
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

bins

Number of histogram bins

Inherited from ContinuousColorMapper

domain

A collection of glyph renderers to pool data from for establishing data metrics.

low

The minimum value of the range to map into the palette.

high

The maximum value of the range to map into the palette.

low_color

Color to be used if data is lower than low value.

high_color

Color to be used if data is higher than high value.

Inherited from ColorMapper

palette

A sequence of colors to use as the target palette for mapping.

nan_color

Color to be used if data is NaN or otherwise not mappable.

Inherited from Model

model_class_reverse_map

id

ref

struct

A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.

name

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

tags

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

js_event_callbacks

A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.

subscribed_events

List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.

js_property_callbacks

A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.

syncable

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from ColorMapper

__init__([palette])

Inherited from Model

__init_subclass__()

__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)

__init__([palette])

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

destroy()

Clean up references to the document and property

js_on_event(event, *callbacks)

js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

js_on_change(event, *callbacks)

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

references()

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

select(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

select_one(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

set_select(selector, updates)

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

to_json(include_defaults)

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

to_json_string(include_defaults)

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

__init__([palette])

__setattr__(name, value)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__getattr__(name)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

equals(other)

Structural equality of models.

static_to_serializable(serializer)

to_serializable(serializer)

set_from_json(name, json, *[, models, setter])

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

update(**kwargs)

Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.

update_from_json(json_attributes, *[, ...])

Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

lookup(name, *[, raises])

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

properties(*[, _with_props])

Collect the names of properties on this class.

properties_with_refs()

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

dataspecs()

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

properties_with_values(*[, ...])

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

themed_values()

Get any theme-provided overrides.

apply_theme(property_values)

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

unapply_theme()

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__([palette])

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

__init__([palette])

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Remove a callback from this object

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

__init__([palette])

on_event(event, *callbacks)

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model


bins = 65536
Type

Int

Number of histogram bins

domain = []
Type

List

A collection of glyph renderers to pool data from for establishing data metrics. If empty, mapped data will be used instead.

high = None
Type

Nullable(Float)

The maximum value of the range to map into the palette. Values above this are clamped to high. If None, the value is inferred from data.

high_color = None
Type

Nullable(Color)

Color to be used if data is higher than high value. If None, values higher than high are mapped to the last color in the palette.

low = None
Type

Nullable(Float)

The minimum value of the range to map into the palette. Values below this are clamped to low. If None, the value is inferred from data.

low_color = None
Type

Nullable(Color)

Color to be used if data is lower than low value. If None, values lower than low are mapped to the first color in the palette.

name = None
Type

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

nan_color = 'gray'
Type

Color

Color to be used if data is NaN or otherwise not mappable.

Acceptable values are:

  • any of the named CSS colors, e.g 'green', 'indigo'

  • RGB(A) hex strings, e.g., '#FF0000', '#44444444'

  • CSS4 color strings, e.g., 'rgba(255, 0, 127, 0.6)', 'rgb(0 127 0 / 1.0)', or 'hsl(60deg 100% 50% / 1.0)'

  • a 3-tuple of integers (r, g, b) between 0 and 255

  • a 4-tuple of (r, g, b, a) where r, g, b are integers between 0 and 255, and a is between 0 and 1

  • a 32-bit unsigned integer using the 0xRRGGBBAA byte order pattern

palette = Undefined
Type

Seq(Color)

A sequence of colors to use as the target palette for mapping.

This property can also be set as a String, to the name of any of the palettes shown in bokeh.palettes.

syncable = True
Type

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []
Type

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns

None

classmethod dataspecs() Dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of DataSpec properties

Return type

set[str]

destroy() None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

  • other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

  • other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

  • attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises

ValueError

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)
js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)
classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters
  • name (str) – name of the property to search for

  • raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

  • *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)
on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() Dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of properties that have references

Return type

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns

mapping from property names to their values

Return type

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters
  • query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

  • include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns

Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters
  • name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

  • json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters
  • selector (JSON-like) –

  • updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() Dict[str, Unknown] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns

dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) JSON

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) str

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None
unapply_theme() None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns

None

update(**kwargs: Any) None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)
update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters
  • json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

LinearColorMapper

class LinearColorMapper(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: bokeh.models.mappers.ContinuousColorMapper

Map numbers in a range [low, high] linearly into a sequence of colors (a palette).

For example, if the range is [0, 99] and the palette is ['red', 'green', 'blue'], the values would be mapped as follows:

      x < 0  : 'red'     # values < low are clamped
 0 <= x < 33 : 'red'
33 <= x < 66 : 'green'
66 <= x < 99 : 'blue'
99 <= x      : 'blue'    # values > high are clamped
JSON Prototype
{
  "domain": [],
  "high": null,
  "high_color": null,
  "id": "18724",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "low": null,
  "low_color": null,
  "name": null,
  "nan_color": "gray",
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

Inherited from ContinuousColorMapper

domain

A collection of glyph renderers to pool data from for establishing data metrics.

low

The minimum value of the range to map into the palette.

high

The maximum value of the range to map into the palette.

low_color

Color to be used if data is lower than low value.

high_color

Color to be used if data is higher than high value.

Inherited from ColorMapper

palette

A sequence of colors to use as the target palette for mapping.

nan_color

Color to be used if data is NaN or otherwise not mappable.

Inherited from Model

model_class_reverse_map

id

ref

struct

A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.

name

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

tags

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

js_event_callbacks

A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.

subscribed_events

List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.

js_property_callbacks

A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.

syncable

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from ColorMapper

__init__([palette])

Inherited from Model

__init_subclass__()

__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)

__init__([palette])

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

destroy()

Clean up references to the document and property

js_on_event(event, *callbacks)

js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

js_on_change(event, *callbacks)

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

references()

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

select(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

select_one(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

set_select(selector, updates)

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

to_json(include_defaults)

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

to_json_string(include_defaults)

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

__init__([palette])

__setattr__(name, value)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__getattr__(name)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

equals(other)

Structural equality of models.

static_to_serializable(serializer)

to_serializable(serializer)

set_from_json(name, json, *[, models, setter])

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

update(**kwargs)

Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.

update_from_json(json_attributes, *[, ...])

Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

lookup(name, *[, raises])

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

properties(*[, _with_props])

Collect the names of properties on this class.

properties_with_refs()

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

dataspecs()

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

properties_with_values(*[, ...])

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

themed_values()

Get any theme-provided overrides.

apply_theme(property_values)

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

unapply_theme()

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__([palette])

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

__init__([palette])

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Remove a callback from this object

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

__init__([palette])

on_event(event, *callbacks)

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model


domain = []
Type

List

A collection of glyph renderers to pool data from for establishing data metrics. If empty, mapped data will be used instead.

high = None
Type

Nullable(Float)

The maximum value of the range to map into the palette. Values above this are clamped to high. If None, the value is inferred from data.

high_color = None
Type

Nullable(Color)

Color to be used if data is higher than high value. If None, values higher than high are mapped to the last color in the palette.

low = None
Type

Nullable(Float)

The minimum value of the range to map into the palette. Values below this are clamped to low. If None, the value is inferred from data.

low_color = None
Type

Nullable(Color)

Color to be used if data is lower than low value. If None, values lower than low are mapped to the first color in the palette.

name = None
Type

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

nan_color = 'gray'
Type

Color

Color to be used if data is NaN or otherwise not mappable.

Acceptable values are:

  • any of the named CSS colors, e.g 'green', 'indigo'

  • RGB(A) hex strings, e.g., '#FF0000', '#44444444'

  • CSS4 color strings, e.g., 'rgba(255, 0, 127, 0.6)', 'rgb(0 127 0 / 1.0)', or 'hsl(60deg 100% 50% / 1.0)'

  • a 3-tuple of integers (r, g, b) between 0 and 255

  • a 4-tuple of (r, g, b, a) where r, g, b are integers between 0 and 255, and a is between 0 and 1

  • a 32-bit unsigned integer using the 0xRRGGBBAA byte order pattern

palette = Undefined
Type

Seq(Color)

A sequence of colors to use as the target palette for mapping.

This property can also be set as a String, to the name of any of the palettes shown in bokeh.palettes.

syncable = True
Type

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []
Type

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns

None

classmethod dataspecs() Dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of DataSpec properties

Return type

set[str]

destroy() None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

  • other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

  • other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

  • attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises

ValueError

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)
js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)
classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters
  • name (str) – name of the property to search for

  • raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

  • *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)
on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() Dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of properties that have references

Return type

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns

mapping from property names to their values

Return type

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters
  • query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

  • include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns

Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters
  • name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

  • json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters
  • selector (JSON-like) –

  • updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() Dict[str, Unknown] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns

dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) JSON

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) str

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None
unapply_theme() None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns

None

update(**kwargs: Any) None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)
update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters
  • json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

LogColorMapper

class LogColorMapper(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: bokeh.models.mappers.ContinuousColorMapper

Map numbers in a range [low, high] into a sequence of colors (a palette) on a natural logarithm scale.

For example, if the range is [0, 25] and the palette is ['red', 'green', 'blue'], the values would be mapped as follows:

         x < 0     : 'red'     # values < low are clamped
0     <= x < 2.72  : 'red'     # math.e ** 1
2.72  <= x < 7.39  : 'green'   # math.e ** 2
7.39  <= x < 20.09 : 'blue'    # math.e ** 3
20.09 <= x         : 'blue'    # values > high are clamped

Warning

The LogColorMapper only works for images with scalar values that are non-negative.

JSON Prototype
{
  "domain": [],
  "high": null,
  "high_color": null,
  "id": "18735",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "low": null,
  "low_color": null,
  "name": null,
  "nan_color": "gray",
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

Inherited from ContinuousColorMapper

domain

A collection of glyph renderers to pool data from for establishing data metrics.

low

The minimum value of the range to map into the palette.

high

The maximum value of the range to map into the palette.

low_color

Color to be used if data is lower than low value.

high_color

Color to be used if data is higher than high value.

Inherited from ColorMapper

palette

A sequence of colors to use as the target palette for mapping.

nan_color

Color to be used if data is NaN or otherwise not mappable.

Inherited from Model

model_class_reverse_map

id

ref

struct

A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.

name

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

tags

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

js_event_callbacks

A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.

subscribed_events

List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.

js_property_callbacks

A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.

syncable

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from ColorMapper

__init__([palette])

Inherited from Model

__init_subclass__()

__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)

__init__([palette])

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

destroy()

Clean up references to the document and property

js_on_event(event, *callbacks)

js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

js_on_change(event, *callbacks)

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

references()

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

select(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

select_one(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

set_select(selector, updates)

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

to_json(include_defaults)

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

to_json_string(include_defaults)

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

__init__([palette])

__setattr__(name, value)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__getattr__(name)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

equals(other)

Structural equality of models.

static_to_serializable(serializer)

to_serializable(serializer)

set_from_json(name, json, *[, models, setter])

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

update(**kwargs)

Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.

update_from_json(json_attributes, *[, ...])

Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

lookup(name, *[, raises])

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

properties(*[, _with_props])

Collect the names of properties on this class.

properties_with_refs()

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

dataspecs()

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

properties_with_values(*[, ...])

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

themed_values()

Get any theme-provided overrides.

apply_theme(property_values)

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

unapply_theme()

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__([palette])

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

__init__([palette])

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Remove a callback from this object

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

__init__([palette])

on_event(event, *callbacks)

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model


domain = []
Type

List

A collection of glyph renderers to pool data from for establishing data metrics. If empty, mapped data will be used instead.

high = None
Type

Nullable(Float)

The maximum value of the range to map into the palette. Values above this are clamped to high. If None, the value is inferred from data.

high_color = None
Type

Nullable(Color)

Color to be used if data is higher than high value. If None, values higher than high are mapped to the last color in the palette.

low = None
Type

Nullable(Float)

The minimum value of the range to map into the palette. Values below this are clamped to low. If None, the value is inferred from data.

low_color = None
Type

Nullable(Color)

Color to be used if data is lower than low value. If None, values lower than low are mapped to the first color in the palette.

name = None
Type

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

nan_color = 'gray'
Type

Color

Color to be used if data is NaN or otherwise not mappable.

Acceptable values are:

  • any of the named CSS colors, e.g 'green', 'indigo'

  • RGB(A) hex strings, e.g., '#FF0000', '#44444444'

  • CSS4 color strings, e.g., 'rgba(255, 0, 127, 0.6)', 'rgb(0 127 0 / 1.0)', or 'hsl(60deg 100% 50% / 1.0)'

  • a 3-tuple of integers (r, g, b) between 0 and 255

  • a 4-tuple of (r, g, b, a) where r, g, b are integers between 0 and 255, and a is between 0 and 1

  • a 32-bit unsigned integer using the 0xRRGGBBAA byte order pattern

palette = Undefined
Type

Seq(Color)

A sequence of colors to use as the target palette for mapping.

This property can also be set as a String, to the name of any of the palettes shown in bokeh.palettes.

syncable = True
Type

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []
Type

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns

None

classmethod dataspecs() Dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of DataSpec properties

Return type

set[str]

destroy() None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

  • other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

  • other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

  • attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises

ValueError

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)
js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)
classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters
  • name (str) – name of the property to search for

  • raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

  • *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)
on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() Dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of properties that have references

Return type

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns

mapping from property names to their values

Return type

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters
  • query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

  • include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns

Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters
  • name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

  • json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters
  • selector (JSON-like) –

  • updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() Dict[str, Unknown] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns

dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) JSON

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) str

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None
unapply_theme() None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns

None

update(**kwargs: Any) None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)
update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters
  • json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.

Mapper

class Mapper(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: bokeh.models.transforms.Transform

Base class for mappers.

Note

This is an abstract base class used to help organize the hierarchy of Bokeh model types. It is not useful to instantiate on its own.

JSON Prototype
{
  "id": "18746",
  "js_event_callbacks": {},
  "js_property_callbacks": {},
  "name": null,
  "subscribed_events": [],
  "syncable": true,
  "tags": []
}

Public Data Attributes:

Inherited from Model

model_class_reverse_map

id

ref

struct

A Bokeh protocol "structure" of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:.

name

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

tags

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

js_event_callbacks

A mapping of event names to lists of CustomJS callbacks.

subscribed_events

List of events that are subscribed to by Python callbacks.

js_property_callbacks

A mapping of attribute names to lists of CustomJS callbacks, to be set up on BokehJS side when the document is created.

syncable

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

document

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

Public Methods:

Inherited from Model

__init_subclass__()

__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)

__init__(**kwargs)

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

destroy()

Clean up references to the document and property

js_on_event(event, *callbacks)

js_link(attr, other, other_attr[, attr_selector])

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

js_on_change(event, *callbacks)

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

references()

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

select(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

select_one(selector)

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

set_select(selector, updates)

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

to_json(include_defaults)

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only "JSON types" (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

to_json_string(include_defaults)

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from HasProps

__init__(**kwargs)

__setattr__(name, value)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__getattr__(name)

Intercept attribute setting on HasProps in order to special case a few situations:

__str__()

Return str(self).

__repr__()

Return repr(self).

equals(other)

Structural equality of models.

static_to_serializable(serializer)

to_serializable(serializer)

set_from_json(name, json, *[, models, setter])

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

update(**kwargs)

Updates the object's properties from the given keyword arguments.

update_from_json(json_attributes, *[, ...])

Updates the object's properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

lookup(name, *[, raises])

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

properties(*[, _with_props])

Collect the names of properties on this class.

properties_with_refs()

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

dataspecs()

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

properties_with_values(*[, ...])

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

query_properties_with_values(query, *[, ...])

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

themed_values()

Get any theme-provided overrides.

apply_theme(property_values)

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

unapply_theme()

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Inherited from HasDocumentRef

__init__(**kwargs)

Inherited from PropertyCallbackManager

__init__(**kwargs)

on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

remove_on_change(attr, *callbacks)

Remove a callback from this object

trigger(attr, old, new[, hint, setter])

Inherited from EventCallbackManager

__init__(**kwargs)

on_event(event, *callbacks)

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model


name = None
Type

Nullable(String)

An arbitrary, user-supplied name for this model.

This name can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models.

>>> plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6], name="temp")
>>> plot.select(name="temp")
[GlyphRenderer(id='399d53f5-73e9-44d9-9527-544b761c7705', ...)]

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any names that are provided, nor is the name used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

syncable = True
Type

Bool

Indicates whether this model should be synchronized back to a Bokeh server when updated in a web browser. Setting to False may be useful to reduce network traffic when dealing with frequently updated objects whose updated values we don’t need.

Note

Setting this property to False will prevent any on_change() callbacks on this object from triggering. However, any JS-side callbacks will still work.

tags = []
Type

List

An optional list of arbitrary, user-supplied values to attach to this model.

This data can be useful when querying the document to retrieve specific Bokeh models:

>>> r = plot.circle([1,2,3], [4,5,6])
>>> r.tags = ["foo", 10]
>>> plot.select(tags=['foo', 10])
[GlyphRenderer(id='1de4c3df-a83d-480a-899b-fb263d3d5dd9', ...)]

Or simply a convenient way to attach any necessary metadata to a model that can be accessed by CustomJS callbacks, etc.

Note

No uniqueness guarantees or other conditions are enforced on any tags that are provided, nor are the tags used directly by Bokeh for any reason.

apply_theme(property_values: Dict[str, Any]) None

Apply a set of theme values which will be used rather than defaults, but will not override application-set values.

The passed-in dictionary may be kept around as-is and shared with other instances to save memory (so neither the caller nor the HasProps instance should modify it).

Parameters

property_values (dict) – theme values to use in place of defaults

Returns

None

classmethod dataspecs() Dict[str, DataSpec]

Collect the names of all DataSpec properties on this class.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of DataSpec properties

Return type

set[str]

destroy() None

Clean up references to the document and property

equals(other: bokeh.core.has_props.HasProps) bool

Structural equality of models.

Parameters

other (HasProps) – the other instance to compare to

Returns

True, if properties are structurally equal, otherwise False

Link two Bokeh model properties using JavaScript.

This is a convenience method that simplifies adding a CustomJS callback to update one Bokeh model property whenever another changes value.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – The name of a Bokeh property on this model

  • other (Model) – A Bokeh model to link to self.attr

  • other_attr (str) – The property on other to link together

  • attr_selector (Union[int, str]) – The index to link an item in a subscriptable attr

Added in version 1.1

Raises

ValueError

Examples

This code with js_link:

select.js_link('value', plot, 'sizing_mode')

is equivalent to the following:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
select.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot),
             code="other.sizing_mode = this.value"
    )
)

Additionally, to use attr_selector to attach the left side of a range slider to a plot’s x_range:

range_slider.js_link('value', plot.x_range, 'start', attr_selector=0)

which is equivalent to:

from bokeh.models import CustomJS
range_slider.js_on_change('value',
    CustomJS(args=dict(other=plot.x_range),
             code="other.start = this.value[0]"
    )
)
js_on_change(event: str, *callbacks: JSEventCallback) None

Attach a CustomJS callback to an arbitrary BokehJS model event.

On the BokehJS side, change events for model properties have the form "change:property_name". As a convenience, if the event name passed to this method is also the name of a property on the model, then it will be prefixed with "change:" automatically:

# these two are equivalent
source.js_on_change('data', callback)
source.js_on_change('change:data', callback)

However, there are other kinds of events that can be useful to respond to, in addition to property change events. For example to run a callback whenever data is streamed to a ColumnDataSource, use the "stream" event on the source:

source.js_on_change('streaming', callback)
classmethod lookup(name: str, *, raises: bool = True) PropertyDescriptor[Any] | None

Find the PropertyDescriptor for a Bokeh property on a class, given the property name.

Parameters
  • name (str) – name of the property to search for

  • raises (bool) – whether to raise or return None if missing

Returns

descriptor for property named name

Return type

PropertyDescriptor

on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: PropertyCallback) None

Add a callback on this object to trigger when attr changes.

Parameters
  • attr (str) – an attribute name on this object

  • *callbacks (callable) – callback functions to register

Returns

None

Example:

widget.on_change('value', callback1, callback2, ..., callback_n)
on_event(event: str | Type[Event], *callbacks: EventCallback) None

Run callbacks when the specified event occurs on this Model

Not all Events are supported for all Models. See specific Events in bokeh.events for more information on which Models are able to trigger them.

classmethod properties(*, _with_props: bool = False) Union[Set[str], Dict[str, Property[Any]]]

Collect the names of properties on this class.

Warning

In a future version of Bokeh, this method will return a dictionary mapping property names to property objects. To future-proof this current usage of this method, wrap the return value in list.

Returns

property names

classmethod properties_with_refs() Dict[str, Property[Any]]

Collect the names of all properties on this class that also have references.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Returns

names of properties that have references

Return type

set[str]

properties_with_values(*, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Collect a dict mapping property names to their values.

This method always traverses the class hierarchy and includes properties defined on any parent classes.

Non-serializable properties are skipped and property values are in “serialized” format which may be slightly different from the values you would normally read from the properties; the intent of this method is to return the information needed to losslessly reconstitute the object instance.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that haven’t been explicitly set since the object was created. (default: True)

Returns

mapping from property names to their values

Return type

dict

query_properties_with_values(query: Callable[[bokeh.core.property.descriptors.PropertyDescriptor[Any]], bool], *, include_defaults: bool = True, include_undefined: bool = False) Dict[str, Any]

Query the properties values of HasProps instances with a predicate.

Parameters
  • query (callable) – A callable that accepts property descriptors and returns True or False

  • include_defaults (bool, optional) – Whether to include properties that have not been explicitly set by a user (default: True)

Returns

mapping of property names and values for matching properties

Return type

dict

references() Set[bokeh.model.model.Model]

Returns all Models that this object has references to.

remove_on_change(attr: str, *callbacks: Callable[[str, Any, Any], None]) None

Remove a callback from this object

select(selector: SelectorType) Iterable[Model]

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector.

Parameters

selector (JSON-like) –

Returns

seq[Model]

select_one(selector: SelectorType) Model | None

Query this object and all of its references for objects that match the given selector. Raises an error if more than one object is found. Returns single matching object, or None if nothing is found :param selector: :type selector: JSON-like

Returns

Model

set_from_json(name: str, json: JSON, *, models: Dict[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Set a property value on this object from JSON.

Parameters
  • name – (str) : name of the attribute to set

  • json – (JSON-value) : value to set to the attribute to

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

set_select(selector: Type[Model] | SelectorType, updates: Dict[str, Unknown]) None

Update objects that match a given selector with the specified attribute/value updates.

Parameters
  • selector (JSON-like) –

  • updates (dict) –

Returns

None

themed_values() Dict[str, Unknown] | None

Get any theme-provided overrides.

Results are returned as a dict from property name to value, or None if no theme overrides any values for this instance.

Returns

dict or None

to_json(include_defaults: bool) JSON

Returns a dictionary of the attributes of this object, containing only “JSON types” (string, number, boolean, none, dict, list).

References to other objects are serialized as “refs” (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

to_json_string(include_defaults: bool) str

Returns a JSON string encoding the attributes of this object.

References to other objects are serialized as references (just the object ID and type info), so the deserializer will need to separately have the full attributes of those other objects.

There’s no corresponding from_json_string() because to deserialize an object is normally done in the context of a Document (since the Document can resolve references).

For most purposes it’s best to serialize and deserialize entire documents.

Parameters

include_defaults (bool) – whether to include attributes that haven’t been changed from the default

trigger(attr: str, old: Unknown, new: Unknown, hint: DocumentPatchedEvent | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None
unapply_theme() None

Remove any themed values and restore defaults.

Returns

None

update(**kwargs: Any) None

Updates the object’s properties from the given keyword arguments.

Returns

None

Examples

The following are equivalent:

from bokeh.models import Range1d

r = Range1d

# set properties individually:
r.start = 10
r.end = 20

# update properties together:
r.update(start=10, end=20)
update_from_json(json_attributes: Dict[str, JSON], *, models: Mapping[ID, HasProps] | None = None, setter: Setter | None = None) None

Updates the object’s properties from a JSON attributes dictionary.

Parameters
  • json_attributes – (JSON-dict) : attributes and values to update

  • models (dict or None, optional) –

    Mapping of model ids to models (default: None)

    This is needed in cases where the attributes to update also have values that have references.

  • setter (ClientSession or ServerSession or None, optional) –

    This is used to prevent “boomerang” updates to Bokeh apps.

    In the context of a Bokeh server application, incoming updates to properties will be annotated with the session that is doing the updating. This value is propagated through any subsequent change notifications that the update triggers. The session can compare the event setter to itself, and suppress any updates that originate from itself.

Returns

None

property document: Document | None

The Document this model is attached to (can be None)

property struct: bokeh.core.types.ReferenceJson

A Bokeh protocol “structure” of this model, i.e. a dict of the form:

{
    'type' : << view model name >>
    'id'   : << unique model id >>
}

Additionally there may be a subtype field if this model is a subtype.